Nginx配置

一 . Nginx 简介

Nginx是一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，并在一个BSD-like 协议下发行。由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发，供俄国大型的入口网站及搜索引擎Rambler（俄文：Рамблер）使用。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好，中国大陆使用nginx网站用户有：百度、新浪、网易、腾讯等。

二 . Nginx安装与配置

Ubuntu下执行如下命令安装Nginx：

sudo apt-get install nginx

安装完成后 执行nginx -t 可以查看配置文件的路径：

kobe@ubuntu:/etc/nginx$ nginx -t 
nginx: [alert] could not open error log file: open() "/var/log/nginx/error.log" failed (13: Permission denied)
2016/03/04 07:10:23 [warn] 1393#0: the "user" directive makes sense only if the master process runs with super-user privileges, ignored in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:1
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
2016/03/04 07:10:23 [emerg] 1393#0: open() "/run/nginx.pid" failed (13: Permission denied)
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

我所安装的Nginx的配置文件在 /etc/nginx/ 目录下。
我们在`/etc/nginx/ 目录下执行 ls 命令，可以查看所有的配置文件。

kobe@ubuntu:/etc/nginx$ ls
conf.d          koi-utf     nginx.conf    sites-available  uwsgi_params
fastcgi.conf    koi-win     proxy_params  sites-enabled    win-utf
fastcgi_params  mime.types  scgi_params   snippets

其中 nginx.conf 是主要的配置文件，我们用 cat 命令可以查看其中的内容：

user www-data;
worker_processes 4;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections 768;
    # multi_accept on;
}

http {

    ##
    # Basic Settings
    ##

    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
    # server_tokens off;

    # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
    # server_name_in_redirect off;

    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    ##
    # SSL Settings
    ##

    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

    ##
    # Logging Settings
    ##

    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

    ##
    # Gzip Settings
    ##

    gzip on;
    gzip_disable "msie6";

    # gzip_vary on;
    # gzip_proxied any;
    # gzip_comp_level 6;
    # gzip_buffers 16 8k;
    # gzip_http_version 1.1;
    # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

    ##
    # Virtual Host Configs
    ##

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}


#mail {
#   # See sample authentication script at:
#   # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
# 
#   # auth_http localhost/auth.php;
#   # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
#   # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
# 
#   server {
#       listen     localhost:110;
#       protocol   pop3;
#       proxy      on;
#   }
# 
#   server {
#       listen     localhost:143;
#       protocol   imap;
#       proxy      on;
#   }
#}