springboot 缓存1_简单实现

缓存介绍-》缓存是每一个系统都应该考虑的功能，它用于加速系统的访问，以及提速系统的性能。比如：

1. 经常访问的高频热点数据：

电商网站的商品信息：每次查询数据库耗时，可以引入缓存。微博阅读量、点赞数、热点话题等

2.临时性的数据：

发送手机验证码，1分钟有效，过期则删除，存数据库负担有点大，这些临时性的数据也  可以放到缓存中, 直接从缓存中存取数据。

Spring从3.1后定义了 org.springframework.cache.CacheManager 和org.springframework.cache.Cache 接口来统一不同的缓存技术；

1.CacheManager 缓存管理器，用于管理各种Cache缓存组件

2.Cache 定义了缓存的各种操作， Spring在Cache接口下提供了各种xxxCache的实现； 比如EhCacheCache，RedisCache， ConcurrentMapCache……

Spring 提供了缓存注解： @EnableCaching、@Cacheable、@CachePut

 步骤：

1.pom.xml中引入 缓存 启动器： spring-boot-starter-cache

1.1 application.properties配置

spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbc?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8

2.创建 jdbc 数据库，导入 bill.sql 与 实体对象，创建注解版 mapper 、service 与 Controller

实体对象

package com.cc.huancun.entities;


import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 用户实体类
 * @Title: Provider
 * @Description: com.mengxuegu.springboot.entities
 * @Auther: www.mengxuegu.com
 * @Version: 1.0
 */
public class User implements Serializable{

    private Integer id;
    //用户名
    private String username;
    //真实姓名
    private String realName;
    //用户密码
    private String password;
    //性别：1 女  2 男
    private Integer gender;
    //生日
    private Date birthday;
    //1管理员  2经理  3普通用户
    private Integer userType;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, Integer gender) {
        this.username = username;
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public User(Integer id, String username, String realName, String password, Integer gender, Integer userType) {
        this.id = id;
        this.username = username;
        this.realName = realName;
        this.password = password;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.birthday = new Date();
        this.userType = userType;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getRealName() {
        return realName;
    }

    public void setRealName(String realName) {
        this.realName = realName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Integer getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(Integer gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public Integer getUserType() {
        return userType;
    }

    public void setUserType(Integer userType) {
        this.userType = userType;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", realName='" + realName + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", gender=" + gender +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", userType=" + userType +
                '}';
    }
}

注解版mapper:

package com.cc.huancun.mapper;



import com.cc.huancun.entities.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;

/**
 * @Auther: 梦学谷
 */
public interface UserMapper {

    @Select("select * from user where id = #{id}")
    User getUserById(Integer id);

    @Update("UPDATE `user` SET  `username`=#{username}, `real_name`=#{realName}, `password`=#{password}, `gender`=#{gender}, `user_type`=#{userType} WHERE `id`=#{id}")
    int updateUser(User user);

    @Insert("INSERT INTO `user` ( `username`, `real_name`, `password`, `gender`, `birthday`, `user_type`) VALUES ( #{username}, #{realName}, #{password}, #{gender}, #{userType})")
    int addUser(User user);

    @Delete("delete from user where id = #{id}")
    int deleteUserById(Integer id);
}

service:

package com.cc.huancun.service;


import com.cc.huancun.entities.User;
import com.cc.huancun.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {

    @Autowired
    UserMapper userMapper;

    @Cacheable(cacheNames = "user")
    public User getUserById(Integer id){
        User user=userMapper.getUserById(id);
        return  user;
    }
}

controller

package com.cc.huancun.controller;

import com.cc.huancun.entities.User;
import com.cc.huancun.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    @GetMapping("/user/{id}")
    public User getUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        User user = userService.getUserById(id);
        return user;
    }
}

 3.@EnableCaching：在启动类上，开启基于注解的缓存

 4. @Cacheable : 标在方法上，返回的结果会进行缓存(先查缓存中的结果，没有则调用方法并将结果放到缓存中) 属性cacheNames是给缓冲器起一个名字。

package com.cc.huancun;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;

@EnableCaching
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.cc.huancun.mapper")
public class HuancunApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HuancunApplication.class, args);
    }

}

效果：

1.没有加上@EnableCaching和@Cacheable-------------每一次调用都要查询一次数据库

2.加上@EnableCaching和@Cacheable-----------只有第一次查询时访问数据库，其他时候不去数据库查询

清空idea的console ,右键clear all即可 

---

测试

查看控制台打印的sql,重复的查询不会出现两次

application中配置

logging.level.com.cc.huancun.mapper:debug