day5.12总结_网络访问(Client和connection)

一、安卓中进行基于HTTP协议的网络访问

（1）HttpClient (apache开发）

（2）HttpURLConnection（google在发布安卓时在Java基础上修改得到的）

（3）使用HC(HttpClient)/UC(HttpURLConnection)进行网络访问的基本步骤：

0. 申请权限 INTERNET访问权限

1. 任何网络访问的相关代码，必须在工    作线程中执行！

2. 创建HC/UC对象

3. 声明发起网络访问的方式(GET/POST)

4. 进行网络连接

5. 获得服务器响应的结果

6. 解析结果，提取需要的内容

7. 解析结果要提交到UI线程进行呈现

利用HttpClient的POST方式发起带参数的请求

利用POST方式发起请求，参数要放到请求实体中，并且在请求头中添加对实体中参数的说明。

添加说明：

post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

添加参数：

List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("loginname", user.getName()));

parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", user.getPassword()));

parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("realname", user.getRealname()));

parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("email", user.getEmail()));

HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters);

post.setEntity(entity);

登录界面参数提交

1）POST方式发起登录请求

2）要提交三个参数，参数应该放在请求实体中：

 loginname:用户帐号

 password:用户密码

 code:验证码图片上的字符串（不区分大小写）

3) 要设置2个头：

   第一个头用来描述请求实体中字符串

   "Content-Type" "application/x-www-form-urlecoded"

   第二个头用来提交sessionid

   "Cookie"   sid

在HttpClient中设置头：post.setHeader(key,value);

在HttpURLConnection中设置头：connection.setReqeustProperty(key ,value);

显示员工列表界面：ShowActivity

添加员工信息界面：EmpActivity

添加员工信息接口：

OnAddEmpFinishListener(){

 void onAddFinish(String result);

}

业务流程：

1）登录成功后，跳转到显示所有员工信息的ShowActivity界面。界面中使用一个ListView来显示所有已经添加过的员工信息

2）ShowActivity界面中需要提供一个“添加”菜单或按钮，点击后跳转到员工

ty，进行员工信息的录入和添加

3）添加员工信息的时候，需要将内容封装为一个Emp实体类，实体类中有四个属性：

String name;

double salary;

int age;

String gender;//男性为m，女性为f

4）添加员工信息采用时提供监听器OnAddEmpFinishListener，里面提供一个回调方法，当服务器添加完成后会调用该回调方法，并将添加结果作为参数传入。

要求：做第4步添加的时候，分别用HttpClient、HttpURLConnection两种方式来进行！

 

public class RegistActivity extends Activity {//注册                   EditText etName,etPassword,etRealname,etEmail;          EmsBiz biz;          @Override          protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {                    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);                    setContentView(R.layout.activity_regist);                    initView();                    biz = new EmsBiz(this);          }            private void initView() {                    etName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_regist_name);                    etPassword = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_regist_password);                    etRealname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_regist_realname);                    etEmail = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_regist_mail);          }                   public void backTo(View v){                    //返回注册界面                    finish();          }                   public void registUser(View v){                    User user = new User();                    //判空                    user.setName(etName.getText().toString());                    user.setPassword(etPassword.getText().toString());                    user.setRealname(etRealname.getText().toString());                    user.setEmail(etEmail.getText().toString());                                       biz.registUser(user,new OnRegistFinishListener() {                             @Override                             public void onRegistFinish(String result) {                                      if(result==null){                                                Toast.makeText(RegistActivity.this,"服务器异常稍后重试", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                                      }else{                                                Toast.makeText(RegistActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                                      }                             }                    });          } }

public class EmpActivity extends Activity {//添加员工                   EditText etName,etSalary,etAge;          RadioGroup rgGender;          EmsBiz biz;          @Override          protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {                    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);                    setContentView(R.layout.activity_emp);                    biz = new EmsBiz(this);                    initView();          }            private void initView() {                    etName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_emp_name);                    etSalary = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_emp_salary);                    etAge = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_emp_age);                    rgGender = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.rg_emp_gender);          }                   public void addemp(View v){                    //判空                                       //判断数据类型(年龄，薪水应该为数字)                                       Emp emp = new Emp();                    emp.setName(etName.getText().toString());                    if(rgGender.getCheckedRadioButtonId()==R.id.rb_emp_male){                             emp.setGender("m");    单选项                    }else{                             emp.setGender("f");                    }                    emp.setSalary(Double.parseDouble(etSalary.getText().toString()));                    emp.setAge(Integer.parseInt(etAge.getText().toString()));                                       biz.addEmp(emp,new OnAddEmpFinishListener() {                                                         @Override                             public void onAddFinish(String result) {                                                                           Toast.makeText(EmpActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                                                                  }                    });          }                   public void showemp(View v){                    finish();          } }

public class MainActivity extends Activity {          EditText etName,etPwd,etCode;          ImageView ivVertify;          EmsBiz biz;          String sid;//用来保存服务生成验证码图片时的sessionid          @Override          protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {                    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);                    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);                    biz = new EmsBiz(this);                    initView();          }            private void initView() {                    ivVertify = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_main_vertifycode);                    ivVertify.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {                             @Override                             public void onClick(View v) {                                      refresh();                             }                    });                    etName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_name);                    etPwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_password);                    etCode = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_vertifycode);          }            @Override          protected void onResume() {                    super.onResume();                    refresh();          }            private void refresh() {                    biz.getVertify(new OnRefreshVertifyCodeListener() {                               @Override                             public void onRefreshFinished(Bitmap bitmap,String sessionid) {                                      if(bitmap!=null)                                                ivVertify.setImageBitmap(bitmap);                                      sid = sessionid;                                      Log.d("TAG", "sessionid= "+sid);                             }                    });          }            public void login(View v){                    //应该加入判空                    String loginname = etName.getText().toString();                    String password = etPwd.getText().toString();                    String code = etCode.getText().toString();                    biz.login(loginname,password,code,sid,new OnLoginFinishListener() {                             @Override                             public void onLoginFinish(String result) {                                      if(result!=null){                                                if(result.contains("ok")){                                                         Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,ShowActivity.class);                                                         startActivity(intent);                                                         finish();                                                }else{                                                         Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                                                         refresh();                                                         etPwd.setText("");                                                         etCode.setText("");                                                }                                      }else{                                                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "服务器错误", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                                      }                             }                    });          }            public void regist(View v){                    //跳转到“注册界面”                    Intent intent  = new Intent(this,RegistActivity.class);                    startActivity(intent);          } }

package com.tarena.ems.util; public class EmsUtil {                   public static void registUser(Context context, final User user,                             final OnRegistFinishListener listener) {                    new AsyncTask<Void, Void, String>() {                               @Override                             protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {                                        try {                                                HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();                    HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/regist.do");                                                //添加一个请求头，对请求实体中的参数做一个说明                             post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");                                                //在post中添加请求参数                                                //请求参数会添加在请求实体中                             List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();                             parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("loginname", user.getName()));                             parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", user.getPassword()));                             parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("realname", user.getRealname()));                        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("email", user.getEmail()));                             HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters);                             post.setEntity(entity);                               HttpResponse resp = client.execute(post);                             HttpEntity respEntity = resp.getEntity();                             String line = EntityUtils.toString(respEntity);                             return line;                                      } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                                      return null;                             }                               protected void onPostExecute(String result) {                                      listener.onRegistFinish(result);                             };                      }.execute();            }            public static void registUser2(Context context,final User user, final OnRegistFinishListener listener){                    //HttpURLConnection进行注册                    new Thread(){                             public void run() {                                      try {                             URL url = new URL("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/regist.do");                             HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                                                connection.setRequestMethod("POST");                                                connection.setDoInput(true);//接收服务器响应的内容                                                connection.setDoOutput(true);//要向服务器提交内容                                                //在请求头中，为请求实体中的内容做说明          connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");                                                connection.connect();                                                //客户端向服务器提交参数                                                OutputStream out = connection.getOutputStream();                                                PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(out, true); //String params = "loginname="+user.getName()+"&password="+user.getPassword()+"&realname="+user.getRealname()+"&email="+user.getEmail();                                                String params = getParams(user);                                                pw.print(params);                                                pw.close();                                                //客户端获取服务器的响应内容                                                InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();                                                BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));                                                final String result = br.readLine();                                                br.close();                                                //在主线程执行                                                new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() {                                                           @Override                                                         public void run() {                                                                  listener.onRegistFinish(result);                                                         }                                                });                                        } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                             };                    }.start();            }            protected static String getParams(User user) {//拼接字符串                    Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();                    map.put("loginname", user.getName());                    map.put("password", user.getPassword());                    map.put("realname", user.getRealname());                    map.put("email", user.getEmail());                      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                      for(Entry<String, String> entry:map.entrySet()){                             sb.append(entry.getKey()).                             append("=").                             append(entry.getValue()).                             append("&");                    }                      return sb.substring(0, sb.length()-1);          } //获取验证码          public static void getVertify(final OnRefreshVertifyCodeListener listener) {                    new AsyncTask<Void, Void, ValueObject>(){                               @Override                             protected ValueObject doInBackground(Void... params) {                                      try {                             HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();                             HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/getCode.do");                             HttpResponse resp = client.execute(get);                             Header header = resp.getFirstHeader("Set-Cookie");                             String value = header.getValue().split(";")[0];                             HttpEntity entity = resp.getEntity();                             InputStream is = entity.getContent();                             Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);                             is.close();                             ValueObject vo = new ValueObject();新建一个类来作为不同类型的容器                             vo.setBitmap(bitmap);                             vo.setSessionid(value);                                                  return vo;                                      } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                                      return null;                             }                             protected void onPostExecute(ValueObject result) {                                      listener.onRefreshFinished(result.getBitmap(),result.getSessionid());                             };                    }.execute();          }              public static void getVertify2(final OnRefreshVertifyCodeListener listener){                    new Thread(){                             public void run() {                                      try {                                                URL url = new URL("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/getCode.do");                             HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                                                connection.setRequestMethod("GET");                                                connection.setDoInput(true);                                                connection.connect();                                        final String value = connection.getHeaderField("Set-Cookie").split(";")[0];                                      InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();                                      final Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);                                                is.close();                                                new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() {                                                           @Override                                                         public void run() {                                                                  listener.onRefreshFinished(bitmap,value);                                                         }                                                });                                      } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                             };                    }.start();          }            public static void login(final String loginname, final String password, final String code,final String sid,                             final OnLoginFinishListener listener) {                    new AsyncTask<Void, Void, String>(){                               @Override                             protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {                                      try {                             HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();                             HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/login.do");                             post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");                             post.setHeader("Cookie",sid);                             List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();                             parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("loginname", loginname));                             parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));                             parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("code", code));                             HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters);                             post.setEntity(entity);                             HttpResponse resp = client.execute(post);                             String result = EntityUtils.toString(resp.getEntity());                             return result;                                      } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                                      return null;                             }                             protected void onPostExecute(String result) {                                      listener.onLoginFinish(result);                             };                    }.execute();              }          public static void login2(final String loginname, final String password, final String code,final String sid,                             final OnLoginFinishListener listener) {                    new Thread(){                             public void run() {                                      try {                                                URL url = new URL("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/login.do");                                                HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                                                connection.setRequestMethod("POST");                                               connection.setDoInput(true);                                                connection.setDoOutput(true);                                                connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");                                                connection.setRequestProperty("Cookie", sid);                                                connection.connect();                                                OutputStream out = connection.getOutputStream();                                                PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(out,true);                                                pw.write(getParams(loginname,password,code));                                                pw.close();                                                InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();                                                BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));                                                final String result = br.readLine();                                                br.close();                                                new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() {                                                           @Override                                                         public void run() {                                                                  listener.onLoginFinish(result);                                                           }                                                });                                        } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                             };                    }.start();              }            protected static String getParams(String loginname, String password,                             String code) {                    Map<String , String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();                    map.put("loginname", loginname);                    map.put("password", password);                    map.put("code", code);                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                    for(Entry<String, String> entry:map.entrySet()){                             sb.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(entry.getValue()).append("&");                    }                    return sb.substring(0,sb.length()-1);          }            public static void addEmp(final Emp emp, final OnAddEmpFinishListener listener) {                    new AsyncTask<Void, Void, String>(){                               @Override                             protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {                                      try {                                                HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();                                                HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/addEmp");                                                post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");                                                List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();                                                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", emp.getName()));                                                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("salary",String.valueOf(emp.getSalary())));                                                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("age", String.valueOf(emp.getAge())));                                                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("gender", emp.getGender()));                                                HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters);                                                post.setEntity(entity);                                                HttpResponse resp = client.execute(post);                                                String result = EntityUtils.toString(resp.getEntity());                                                return result;                                        } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                                      return null;                             }                             protected void onPostExecute(String result) {                                      listener.onAddFinish(result);                             };                    }.execute();                 }          public static void addEmp2(final Emp emp, final OnAddEmpFinishListener listener) {                      new Thread(){                             public void run() {                                      try {                                                URL url = new URL("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/addEmp");                                                HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                                                connection.setRequestMethod("POST");                                                connection.setDoInput(true);                                                connection.setDoOutput(true);                                                connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");                                                connection.connect();                                                OutputStream out = connection.getOutputStream();                                                PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(out,true);                                                pw.write(getParams(emp));                                                pw.close();                                                  InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();                                                BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));                                                final String result = br.readLine();                                                br.close();                                                  new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() {                                                           @Override                                                         public void run() {                                                                  listener.onAddFinish(result);                                                         }                                                });                                      } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                             };                    }.start();          }            protected static String getParams(Emp emp) {                    Map<String , String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();                    map.put("name", emp.getName());                    map.put("salary", String.valueOf(emp.getSalary()));                    map.put("age", String.valueOf(emp.getAge()));                    map.put("gender",emp.getGender());                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                    for(Entry<String, String> entry:map.entrySet()){                             sb.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(entry.getValue()).append("&");                    }                    return sb.substring(0,sb.length()-1);          }            public static void getAllEmp(final OnLoadAllEmpFinishListener listener) {                    new AsyncTask<Void, Void, List<Emp>>(){                               @Override                             protected List<Emp> doInBackground(Void... params) {                                      try {                                                Log.i("tag", "1");                                                URL url = new URL("http://192.168.12.229:8080/ems/listEmp");                                                 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                                                 InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();                                                 ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();                                      byte[] data = new byte[1024];                                      int len = 0;                                     while ((len = is.read(data)) != -1) {                                          outStream.write(data, 0, len);                                      }                                     byte[] bytes = outStream.toByteArray();                                     JSONArray array = new JSONArray(new String(data));                                     List<Emp> emps= new ArrayList<Emp>();                                     for (int i = 0; i < array.length(); i++) {                                              Emp emp = new Emp();                                                         JSONObject item = array.getJSONObject(i);                                                          emp.setName(item.getString("name"));                                                         emp.setSalary(Integer.valueOf(item.getString("salary")));                                                         emp.setAge(Integer.valueOf(item.getString("age")));                                                         emp.setGender(item.getString("gender"));                                                         Log.i("tag", "emp="+emp.toString());                                                         emps.add(emp);                                     }                                                                                               Log.i("tag", "emps="+emps.toString());                                                Log.i("tag", "2");                                                is.close();                                                return emps;                                        } catch (Exception e) {                                                e.printStackTrace();                                      }                                      return null;                             }                             protected void onPostExecute(List<Emp> result) {                                      Log.i("tag", "3");                                      listener.onfinish(result);                             };                      }.execute();            } }