python创建链表

class SingleNode(object):
    """单链表的结点"""

    def __init__(self, val):
        # val存放数据元素
        self.val = val
        # _next是下一个节点的标识
        self.next = None


class MyLinkedList(object):
    """单链表"""

    def __init__(self):
        self._head = None
        self.length = 0



    def is_empty(self):
        """判断链表是否为空"""
        return self._head == None

    # def length(self):
    #     """链表长度"""
    #     # cur初始时指向头节点
    #     cur = self._head
    #     count = 0
    #     # 尾节点指向None，当未到达尾部时
    #     while cur != None:
    #         count += 1
    #         # 将cur后移一个节点
    #         cur = cur.next
    #     return count

    def get(self, index):
        if index < 0 or index >= self.length:
            return -1
        else:

            cur = self._head
            cnt = 0
            while cur:
                if index == cnt:
                    return cur.val
                else:
                    cnt += 1
                    cur = cur.next

    def addAtHead(self, val):
        """头部添加元素"""
        # 先创建一个保存val值的节点
        node = SingleNode(val)
        # 将新节点的链接域next指向头节点，即_head指向的位置
        node.next = self._head
        # 将链表的头_head指向新节点
        self._head = node
        self.length += 1

    def addAtTail(self, val):
        """尾部添加元素"""
        node = SingleNode(val)
        # 先判断链表是否为空，若是空链表，则将_head指向新节点
        if self.is_empty():
            self._head = node
        # 若不为空，则找到尾部，将尾节点的next指向新节点
        else:
            cur = self._head
            while cur.next:
                cur = cur.next
            cur.next = node
        self.length += 1

    def addAtIndex(self, index, val):
        """指定位置添加元素"""
        # 若指定位置index为第一个元素之前，则执行头部插入
        if index <= 0:
            self.addAtHead(val)
        # 若指定位置超过链表尾部，则执行尾部插入
        elif index > (self.length - 1):
            self.addAtTail(val)
        # 找到指定位置
        else:
            node = SingleNode(val)
            count = 0
            # pre用来指向指定位置pos的前一个位置pos-1，初始从头节点开始移动到指定位置
            pre = self._head
            while count < (index - 1):
                count += 1
                pre = pre.next
            # 先将新节点node的next指向插入位置的节点
            node.next = pre.next
            # 将插入位置的前一个节点的next指向新节点
            pre.next = node
            self.length += 1

    def deleteAtIndex(self, index):
        """
        Delete the index-th node in the linked list, if the index is valid.
        :type index: int
        :rtype: void
        """
        node = SingleNode(0)
        if index <= 0 or index >= self.length:
            return -1
        else:
            cur = self._head
            pre = None
            cnt = 0
            while cnt < index:
                pre = cur
                cnt += 1
                cur = cur.next

            pre.next = cur.next
            self.length -= 1

    def search(self, item):
        """链表查找节点是否存在，并返回True或者False"""
        cur = self._head
        while cur != None:
            if cur.item == item:
                return True
            cur = cur.next
        return False

    def travel(self):
        """遍历链表"""
        cur = self._head
        while cur != None:
            print (cur.val)
            cur = cur.next
        print("")

#
obj = MyLinkedList()
obj.travel()
obj.addAtHead(1)
obj.travel()
# obj.addAtTail(val)
obj.addAtIndex(1,2)
obj.travel()
print(obj.get(1))
print(obj.get(0))
print(obj.get(2))
# 输入：["MyLinkedList","addAtHead","addAtIndex","get","get","get"]
# [[],[1],[1,2],[1],[0],[2]]
# 输出：[null,null,null,2,-1,-1]
# 预期：[null,null,null,2,1,-1]

# li=MyLinkedList()
# print('1...')
# print(li.get(0))
# li.addAtIndex(1,2)
# print('2...')
# li.travel()
# print('3...')
# print(li.get(0))
# print('4...')
# print(li.get(1))
# li.addAtIndex(0,1)
# print('5...')
# li.travel()
# print('6...')
# print(li.get(0))
# print('7...')
# print(li.get(1))


# 输入：["MyLinkedList","get","addAtIndex","get","get","addAtIndex","get","get"]
# [[],[0],[1,2],[0],[1],[0,1],[0],[1]]
# 输出：[null,-1,null,2,-1,null,1,2]
# 预期：[null,-1,null,-1,-1,null,1,-1]