多线程的实现方式

实现方式

继承Thread

public class ThreadTest extends Thread {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadTest t1 = new ThreadTest();
        ThreadTest t2 = new ThreadTest();
        ThreadTest t3 = new ThreadTest();

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
    }
}

实现Runnable接口

public class RunnableTest implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        RunnableTest r1 = new RunnableTest();
        RunnableTest r2 = new RunnableTest();
        RunnableTest r3 = new RunnableTest();

        new Thread(r1).start();
        new Thread(r2).start();
        new Thread(r3).start();
    }
}

通过Callable、ExecutorService、Future创建

public class CallableTest implements Callable<Object> {

    @Override
    public Object call(){
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CallableTest c1 = new CallableTest();
        CallableTest c2 = new CallableTest();
        CallableTest c3 = new CallableTest();
        //创建执行服务
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        //提交执行
        Future f1 = service.submit(c1);
        Future f2 = service.submit(c2);
        Future f3 = service.submit(c3);
        //关闭服务
        service.shutdownNow();
    }
}

区别

Thread
Thread是通过继承实现的，java是单继承，所以如果需要继承其他类这种方法就不合适。Thread底层也实现了Runnable接口

Runnable
Runnable是一个接口，java中可以实现多个接口，不影响程序的扩展。Thread类提供了一个方法可以接收Runnable类型的参数并执行。

Callable
Callable最大的不同就是执行结果有返回值。

多线程实现下载

public class ThreadTest extends Thread{

    private String url;
    private String name;

    public ThreadTest(String url, String name) {
        this.url = url;
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            downloader(url,name);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("下载了文件名为："+name);
    }


    //下载的方法
    public void downloader(String url,String name) throws Exception {
        FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
    }

    //测试
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ThreadTest t1 = new ThreadTest("需要下载的资源地址","1.jpg");
        ThreadTest t2 = new ThreadTest("需要下载的资源地址","2.jpg");
        ThreadTest t3 = new ThreadTest("需要下载的资源地址","3.jpg");
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
    }
}