Java线程包初探

一、几个类介绍

1.Executor是一个接口，有public void execute(Runnable command)方法

2.Executors是一个工厂类，用于返回相应的Executor实例

3.ExecutorService是Executor的实现类

4.CountDownLatch是一个阻塞计数器，当大于0时阻塞

 

二、以下类实现了一个简单的程序 ：主线程创建了许多的ThreadWorker，并让其在不同的线程中执行，然后主线程阻塞，直到所有的ThreadWorker运行完

1.ThreadWorker实现Runnable接口，属于工作类，子类必须实现doWork()方法；当做完工作时，调用CountDownLatch的countDown()方法，将计数减1

package thread; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; public abstract class ThreadWorker implements Runnable { private final CountDownLatch signal; public ThreadWorker(CountDownLatch signal) { this.signal = signal; } public void run() { doWork(); signal.countDown(); } abstract protected void doWork(); }

2.ThreadExecutor类可以添加ThreadWorker，在调用ExecutorService的execute(Runnable command)后，调用signal.await()使得调用线程阻塞，直到所有的ThreadWorker执行完毕（因为countDown()方法的调用使得计数会减为0）

package thread; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; public class ThreadExecutor { private final CountDownLatch signal; private final List<ThreadWorker> workers; private final ExecutorService executor; public ThreadExecutor(CountDownLatch signal, int threadCount) { this.signal = signal; workers = new ArrayList<ThreadWorker>(); executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(threadCount); } public void addWorker(ThreadWorker worker) { workers.add(worker); } public void execute() { if (!executor.isShutdown()) { try { for (int i = 0; i < workers.size(); i++) { executor.execute(workers.get(i)); } signal.await(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { executor.shutdown(); } } } }

3.注意：这两个类的CountDownLatch对象要为同一个

4.测试代码

package thread; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; public class ThreadTest { private static int THREAD_COUNT = 10; public static void main(String[] args) { CountDownLatch signal = new CountDownLatch(THREAD_COUNT); ThreadExecutor executor = new ThreadExecutor(signal, THREAD_COUNT); for (int i = 0; i < THREAD_COUNT; i++) { ThreadWorker worker = new ThreadWorker(signal) { @Override protected void doWork() { String name = Thread.currentThread().getName(); long s = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("[" + name + "]I'm started."); try { Thread.sleep(5000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } long e = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("[" + name + "]I'm finished, elapsed " + ((e - s)/1000) + "s."); } }; executor.addWorker(worker); } executor.execute(); executor.execute(); } }

输出：

[pool-1-thread-1]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-2]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-4]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-3]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-6]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-5]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-8]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-10]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-7]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-9]I'm started.
[pool-1-thread-2]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-1]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-6]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-3]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-5]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-4]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-8]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-10]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-9]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.
[pool-1-thread-7]I'm finished, elapsed 5s.

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5.如果不调用ExecutorService的shutdown()方法，因为线程池还存在，因此程序不会退出