准备条件
事先准备两个数据库服务,并配置为主从分布(master-slave),主机服务用于写,从机服务只用来读。具体配置请前往https://blog.csdn.net/guandongsheng110/article/details/71173080查看。
1. pom.xml添加jar
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.2</version>
</dependency>
2. 添加数据源配置类
public class DynamicDataSourceHolder {
//写库对应的数据源key
private static final String MASTER = "master";
//读库对应的数据源key
private static final String SLAVE = "slave";
//使用ThreadLocal记录当前线程的数据源key
private static final ThreadLocal<String> holder = new ThreadLocal<>();
public static void putDataSourceKey(String key) {
holder.set(key);
}
public static String getDataSourceKey() {
return holder.get();
}
public static void markMaster(){
putDataSourceKey(MASTER);
}
public static void markSlave(){
putDataSourceKey(SLAVE);
}
}
3. 添加自定义数据源类
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;
/**
* Created by GuanDS on 2019/1/24.
*/
public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {
@Override
protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
// 由于DynamicDataSource是单例的,线程不安全的,所以采用ThreadLocal保证线程安全
// 由DynamicDataSourceHolder完成
return DynamicDataSourceHolder.getDataSourceKey();
}
}
4. 添加切面类(根据方法名匹配选择主或从数据库)
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
/**
* Created by GuanDS on 2019/1/24.
*/
public class DataSourceAspect {
public void before(JoinPoint point) {
// 获取到当前执行的方法名
String methodName = point.getSignature().getName();
if (isSlave(methodName)) {
// 标记为读库
DynamicDataSourceHolder.markSlave();
} else {
// 标记为写库
DynamicDataSourceHolder.markMaster();
}
}
private Boolean isSlave(String methodName) {
// 方法名以query、find、get开头的方法名走从库
return StringUtils.startsWithAny(methodName, "query", "find", "get");
}
}
5. 配置xml文件
<bean id="baseDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true"/>
<property name="initialSize" value="10"/>
<property name="maxActive" value="100"/>
<property name="maxIdle" value="5"/>
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="true"/>
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true"/>
</bean>
<bean id="masterDataSource" parent="baseDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="${db.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${db.user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
<property name="validationQuery" value="select 1"/>
</bean>
<bean id="slaveDataSource" parent="baseDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="${rdb.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${rdb.user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${rdb.password}"/>
<property name="validationQuery" value="select 1"/>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="cn.guanyibei.commons.datasource.DynamicDataSource">
<!-- 设置多个数据源 -->
<property name="targetDataSources">
<map key-type="java.lang.String">
<entry key="master" value-ref="masterDataSource"/>
<entry key="slave" value-ref="slaveDataSource"/>
</map>
</property>
<property name="defaultTargetDataSource" ref="masterDataSource"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="mapperLocations">
<list>
<value>classpath:cn/guanyibei/commons/mapper/*.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.guanyibei.commons.mapper"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义AOP切面处理器 -->
<bean class="cn.guanyibei.commons.datasource.DataSourceAspect" id="dataSourceAspect"/>
<aop:config>
<!-- 定义切面,所有的service的所有方法 -->
<aop:pointcut id="txPointcut" expression="execution(* cn.guanyibei.commons.service.*.*(..))"/>
<!-- 应用事务策略到Service切面 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
<!-- 将切面应用到自定义的切面处理器上,-9999保证该切面优先级最高执行 -->
<aop:aspect ref="dataSourceAspect" order="-9999">
<aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<!-- 定义事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务策略 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!--定义查询方法都是只读的 -->
<tx:method name="query*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
<!-- 主库执行操作,事务传播行为定义为默认行为 -->
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<!--其他方法使用默认事务策略 -->
<tx:method name="*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
6. 测试成功
增强配置
1. 配置spring.xml文件
<!-- 定义AOP切面处理器 -->
<bean class="cn.guanyibei.commons.datasource.DataSourceAspect" id="dataSourceAspect">
<!-- 指定事务策略 -->
<property name="txAdvice" ref="txAdvice"/>
</bean>
2. 编辑Aspect.java(先根据事务配置选择数据库,如果没有配置,再根据方法名选择数据库)
public class DataSourceAspect {
private List<String> slaveMethodPattern = new ArrayList<>();
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void setTxAdvice(TransactionInterceptor txAdvice) throws Exception {
if (txAdvice == null) { // 没有配置事务管理策略
return;
}
//从txAdvice获取到策略配置信息
TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource = txAdvice.getTransactionAttributeSource();
if (!(transactionAttributeSource instanceof NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource)) {
return;
}
//使用反射技术获取到NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource对象中的nameMap属性值
NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource matchTransactionAttributeSource = (NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource) transactionAttributeSource;
Field nameMapField = ReflectionUtils.findField(NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource.class, "nameMap");
nameMapField.setAccessible(true); //设置该字段可访问
//获取nameMap的值
Map<String, TransactionAttribute> map = (Map<String, TransactionAttribute>) nameMapField.get(matchTransactionAttributeSource);
//遍历nameMap
for (Map.Entry<String, TransactionAttribute> entry : map.entrySet()) {
if (!entry.getValue().isReadOnly()) {//判断之后定义了ReadOnly的策略才加入到slaveMethodPattern
continue;
}
slaveMethodPattern.add(entry.getKey());
}
}
public void before(JoinPoint point) {
// 获取到当前执行的方法名
String methodName = point.getSignature().getName();
boolean isSlave = false;
if (slaveMethodPattern.isEmpty()) {
isSlave = StringUtils.startsWithAny(methodName, "query", "find", "get");
} else { // 使用策略规则匹配
for (String mappedName : slaveMethodPattern) {
if (PatternMatchUtils.simpleMatch(methodName, mappedName)) {
isSlave = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (isSlave) {
DynamicDataSourceHolder.markSlave();
} else {
DynamicDataSourceHolder.markMaster();
}
}
}