import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils; import java.util.Random; /** * @Description: 全局唯一Id生成器 * @Author: guanfengliang * @Email: guanfengliang@jd.com * @Create: 2018-11-20 16:55 */ public class SnowFlakeWorker { /** 开始时间截 (2015-01-01) */ private final long twepoch = 1420041600000L; /** 机器id所占的位数 */ private final long workerIdBits = 5L; /** 数据标识id所占的位数 */ private final long datacenterIdBits = 5L; /** 支持的最大机器id,结果是31 (这个移位算法可以很快的计算出几位二进制数所能表示的最大十进制数) */ private final long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits); /** 支持的最大数据标识id,结果是31 */ private final long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits); /** 序列在id中占的位数 */ private final long sequenceBits = 12L; /** 机器ID向左移12位 */ private final long workerIdShift = sequenceBits; /** 数据标识id向左移17位(12+5) */ private final long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits; /** 时间截向左移22位(5+5+12) */ private final long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits; /** 生成序列的掩码,这里为4095 (0b111111111111=0xfff=4095) */ private final long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits); /** 工作机器ID(0~31) */ private long workerId; /** 数据中心ID(0~31) */ private long datacenterId; /** 毫秒内序列(0~4095) */ private long sequence = 0L; /** 上次生成ID的时间截 */ private long lastTimestamp = -1L; //==============================Constructors===================================== /** * 构造函数 * @param workerId 工作ID (0~31) * @param datacenterId 数据中心ID (0~31) */ public SnowFlakeWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId) { if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId)); } if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId)); } this.workerId = workerId; this.datacenterId = datacenterId; } // ==============================Methods========================================== /** * 获得下一个ID (该方法是线程安全的) * @return SnowflakeId */ public synchronized long nextId() { long timestamp = timeGen(); //如果当前时间小于上一次ID生成的时间戳,说明系统时钟回退过这个时候应当抛出异常 if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) { throw new RuntimeException( String.format("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp)); } //如果是同一时间生成的,则进行毫秒内序列 if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) { sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask; //毫秒内序列溢出 if (sequence == 0) { //阻塞到下一个毫秒,获得新的时间戳 timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp); } } //时间戳改变,毫秒内序列重置 else { sequence = generateRandom(); } //上次生成ID的时间截 lastTimestamp = timestamp; //移位并通过或运算拼到一起组成64位的ID return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) // | (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift) // | (workerId << workerIdShift) // | sequence; } //生成的ID,例如message-id/ order-id/ tiezi-id,在数据量大时往往需要分库分表,这些ID经常作为取模分库分表的依据,为了分库分表后数据均匀,ID生成往往有“取模随机性”的需求,所以我们通常把每秒内的序列号放在ID的最末位,保证生成的ID是随机的。 //又如果,我们在跨毫秒时,序列号总是归0,会使得序列号为0的ID比较多,导致生成的ID取模后不均匀。解决方法是,序列号不是每次都归0,而是归一个0到9的随机数,这个地方。 protected long generateRandom() { return RandomUtils.nextLong(0,10); } /** * 阻塞到下一个毫秒,直到获得新的时间戳 * @param lastTimestamp 上次生成ID的时间截 * @return 当前时间戳 */ protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) { long timestamp = timeGen(); while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) { timestamp = timeGen(); } return timestamp; } /** * 返回以毫秒为单位的当前时间 * @return 当前时间(毫秒) */ protected long timeGen() { return System.currentTimeMillis(); } //==============================Test============================================= /** 测试 */ public static void main(String[] args) { SnowFlakeWorker idWorker = new SnowFlakeWorker(0, 0); for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { long id = idWorker.nextId(); //System.out.println(Long.toBinaryString(id)); System.out.println(id); } } }
全局唯一ID生成器(SnowFlakeId算法JAVA实现)
最新推荐文章于 2024-05-13 17:27:14 发布