linux进程空间地址分布

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>


int g_i1; // bss段，未初始化数据段，会被自动初始化为0
int g_i2 = 100; // 初始化数据段


int func() // 正文段
{
    return 0;
}


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int shmid = -1;
    char *ptr, *shmptr;
    if (argc != 2)
    {
        printf("need 1 argument\n");
        return -1;
    }
    ptr = (char*) malloc(100);
    shmid = shmget(IPC_PRIVATE, 1024 * 1024, 0666);
    shmptr = (char*) shmat(shmid, 0, 0);
    printf("%p(command line argument around)\n", &argv[1]); // 命令行参数和环境变量
    printf("%p(stack around)\n", &shmid); // 栈
    printf("%p(shared memory attached)\n", shmptr);
    printf("%p(heap around)\n", ptr); // 堆
    printf("%p(bss around)\n", &g_i1);
    printf("%p(data segment around)\n", &g_i2);
    printf("%p(func around)\n", func);
    shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, 0);
    return 0;

}

程序执行结果：

0xbf974308(command line argument around)
0xbf974258(stack around)
0xb7e07000(shared memory attached)
0x8448008(heap around)
0x80499d0(bss around)
0x80499c4(data segment around)
0x8048564(func around)

注：以上地址从上往下逐个减小。