STL deque的back方法（5）

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 11:39:53 发布

coderguang

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 11:39:53 发布

阅读量5.1k

点赞数

STL containers 同时被 2 个专栏收录

90 篇文章 6 订阅

订阅专栏

STL 容器接口系列译文

89 篇文章 11 订阅

订阅专栏

原文地址：http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/deque/deque/back/

public member function

 
 <deque> 

std::deque::back

      reference back();
const_reference back() const;

Access last element

Returns a reference to the last element in the container.

返回容器最后一个元素的引用。

Unlike member deque::end, which returns an iterator just past this element, this function returns a direct reference.

和end不同，end是返回一个迭代器，该方法返回一个引用。

Calling this function on an empty container causes undefined behavior.

对一个空的容器调用该方法会导致为定义的行为。

例子：

#include <iostream>
#include <deque>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	deque<int> di{1,2,3,4,5};
	for(int i:di)
		cout<<i<<" ";
	cout<<endl;
	cout<<"di.back()="<<di.back()<<endl;
	
	deque<double> dd;
	cout<<"dd.back()="<<dd.back()<<endl;
	


}

运行截图：

Parameters

none

Return value

A reference to the last element in the deque container.

返回deque最后一个元素的引用。

If the deque object is const-qualified, the function returns a const_reference. Otherwise, it returns a reference.

Member types reference and const_reference are the reference types to the elements of the container (see deque member types).

Example

// deque::back
#include <iostream>
#include <deque>

int main ()
{
  std::deque<int> mydeque;

  mydeque.push_back(10);

  while (mydeque.back() != 0)
    mydeque.push_back ( mydeque.back() -1 );

  std::cout << "mydeque contains:";

  for (std::deque<int>::iterator it = mydeque.begin(); it!=mydeque.end(); ++it)
    std::cout << ' ' << *it;

  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

Edit & Run

Output:

mydeque contains: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Complexity

Constant.

Iterator validity

No changes.

Data races

The container is accessed (neither the const nor the non-const versions modify the container).
The last element is potentially accessed or modified by the caller. Concurrently accessing or modifying other elements is safe.