接上篇：
elasticsearch 对文档建索引
将一些数据摄取到Elasticsearch索引后，您可以通过向_search端点发送请求来搜索它。可在请求正文中指定搜索条件。
请求检索bank 按帐号排序的索引中的所有文档：
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"sort": [
{ "account_number": "asc" }
]
}
'
默认情况下，响应的 hits 块包含匹配上的前10条
响应也包含了请求的以下信息：
-
took – 查询耗时，毫秒
-
timed_out – 查询是否超时
-
_shards – 搜索了多少shards，多少成功、失败、跳过.
-
max_score – 与搜索最相关的文档的分值
-
hits.total.value - 匹配的文档数
-
hits.hits.sort - 文档排序后的位置
-
hits.hits._score - 文档相关度分值 (当使用 match_all时不可用)
返回
{
"took" : 172,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1000,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "0",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 0,
"balance" : 16623,
"firstname" : "Bradshaw",
"lastname" : "Mckenzie",
"age" : 29,
"gender" : "F",
"address" : "244 Columbus Place",
"employer" : "Euron",
"email" : "bradshawmckenzie@euron.com",
"city" : "Hobucken",
"state" : "CO"
},
"sort" : [
0
]
},
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 1,
"balance" : 39225,
"firstname" : "Amber",
"lastname" : "Duke",
"age" : 32,
"gender" : "M",
"address" : "880 Holmes Lane",
"employer" : "Pyrami",
"email" : "amberduke@pyrami.com",
"city" : "Brogan",
"state" : "IL"
},
"sort" : [
1
]
},
……
]
}
}以上表示：
-
查询耗时 172 ms
-
没有超时
-
只查询了一个shard
每次搜索请求相互独立，es不在请求间保存任何状态信息
分页
在请求中加入 from and size
如查询命中的第10-19条记录
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"sort": [
{ "account_number": "asc" }
],
"from": 10,
"size": 10
}
'非 match_all 的搜索
在单个 field 中搜索关键字
可用match 搜索，
如搜索 用户的address 中包含 mill or lane
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match": { "address": "mill lane" } }
}
'返回：
{
"took" : 41,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 19,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 9.507477,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "136",
"_score" : 9.507477,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 136,
"balance" : 45801,
"firstname" : "Winnie",
"lastname" : "Holland",
"age" : 38,
"gender" : "M",
"address" : "198 Mill Lane",
"employer" : "Neteria",
"email" : "winnieholland@neteria.com",
"city" : "Urie",
"state" : "IL"
}
},
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "970",
"_score" : 5.4032025,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 970,
"balance" : 19648,
"firstname" : "Forbes",
"lastname" : "Wallace",
"age" : 28,
"gender" : "M",
"address" : "990 Mill Road",
"employer" : "Pheast",
"email" : "forbeswallace@pheast.com",
"city" : "Lopezo",
"state" : "AK"
}
},
……
]
}
}短语搜索
用
match_phrase，如搜索用户
addresses 包含短语
mill lane
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_phrase": { "address": "mill lane" } }
}
'返回
{
"took" : 30,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 9.507477,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "136",
"_score" : 9.507477,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 136,
"balance" : 45801,
"firstname" : "Winnie",
"lastname" : "Holland",
"age" : 38,
"gender" : "M",
"address" : "198 Mill Lane",
"employer" : "Neteria",
"email" : "winnieholland@neteria.com",
"city" : "Urie",
"state" : "IL"
}
}
]
}
}
更复杂的查询
可用 bool 组合多个条件
-
必须满足： must match
-
should match
-
必须排除： must not match
如搜索40岁且不在 Idaho 居住的用户
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{ "match": { "age": "40" } }
],
"must_not": [
{ "match": { "state": "ID" } }
]
}
}
}
'
返回
{
"took" : 14,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 43,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "474",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 474,
"balance" : 35896,
"firstname" : "Obrien",
"lastname" : "Walton",
"age" : 40,
"gender" : "F",
"address" : "192 Ide Court",
"employer" : "Suremax",
"email" : "obrienwalton@suremax.com",
"city" : "Crucible",
"state" : "UT"
}
},
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "479",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 479,
"balance" : 31865,
"firstname" : "Cameron",
"lastname" : "Ross",
"age" : 40,
"gender" : "M",
"address" : "904 Bouck Court",
"employer" : "Telpod",
"email" : "cameronross@telpod.com",
"city" : "Nord",
"state" : "MO"
}
},
……
]
}
}注意这里每条记录有score 表示匹配的分值。
一份文档（记录）与must 、should条件匹配程度决定了score，越高越匹配，es默认按score的顺序返回
must_not 只做结果过滤作用，对score没有贡献
获取余额在20,000- 30,000 （闭区间）的用户，gte：greater than + equal
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "match_all": {} },
"filter": {
"range": {
"balance": {
"gte": 20000,
"lte": 30000
}
}
}
}
}
}
'返回
{
"took" : 14,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 217,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "49",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 49,
"balance" : 29104,
"firstname" : "Fulton",
"lastname" : "Holt",
"age" : 23,
"gender" : "F",
"address" : "451 Humboldt Street",
"employer" : "Anocha",
"email" : "fultonholt@anocha.com",
"city" : "Sunriver",
"state" : "RI"
}
},
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "102",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 102,
"balance" : 29712,
"firstname" : "Dena",
"lastname" : "Olson",
"age" : 27,
"gender" : "F",
"address" : "759 Newkirk Avenue",
"employer" : "Hinway",
"email" : "denaolson@hinway.com",
"city" : "Choctaw",
"state" : "NJ"
}
},
……
]
}
}
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