c++中 int类型 与 string类型 的相互转换

int类型转换到string类型：

在http://en.cppreference.com/上给出了如下实例代码(以浮点型为例）：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main() 
{
    double f = 23.43;
    std::string f_str = std::to_string(f);
    std::cout << f_str << '\n';
}

output:

23.430000

---

string类型转换到int类型：

c语言转换形式：

在http://en.cppreference.com/上给出了如下实例代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>

int main()
{
    const char *str1 = "42";
    const char *str2 = "3.14159";
    const char *str3 = "31337 with words";
    const char *str4 = "words and 2";

    int num1 = std::atoi(str1);
    int num2 = std::atoi(str2);
    int num3 = std::atoi(str3);
    int num4 = std::atoi(str4);

    std::cout << "std::atoi(\"" << str1 << "\") is " << num1 << '\n';
    std::cout << "std::atoi(\"" << str2 << "\") is " << num2 << '\n';
    std::cout << "std::atoi(\"" << str3 << "\") is " << num3 << '\n';
    std::cout << "std::atoi(\"" << str4 << "\") is " << num4 << '\n';
}

output:

std::atoi("42") is 42
std::atoi("3.14159") is 3
std::atoi("31337 with words") is 31337
std::atoi("words and 2") is 0

c++语言转换形式：

在http://en.cppreference.com/上给出了如下实例代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main()
{
    std::string str1 = "45";
    std::string str2 = "3.14159";
    std::string str3 = "31337 with words";
    std::string str4 = "words and 2";

    int myint1 = std::stoi(str1);
    int myint2 = std::stoi(str2);
    int myint3 = std::stoi(str3);
    // error: 'std::invalid_argument'
    // int myint4 = std::stoi(str4);

    std::cout << "std::stoi(\"" << str1 << "\") is " << myint1 << '\n';
    std::cout << "std::stoi(\"" << str2 << "\") is " << myint2 << '\n';
    std::cout << "std::stoi(\"" << str3 << "\") is " << myint3 << '\n';
    //std::cout << "std::stoi(\"" << str4 << "\") is " << myint4 << '\n';
}

output:

std::stoi("45") is 45
std::stoi("3.14159") is 3
std::stoi("31337 with words") is 31337

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/caroline_wendy/article/details/29390573
http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/basic_string/to_string
http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/byte/atoi
http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/basic_string/stol