Oracle Enterprise Linux6下安装Oracle11gGrid ASM

注意：6以上版本只有6.1能建立acfs文件系统，oracle11.2.0.3只能支持到2.6.32-100，oracle 11.2.0.4 能支持更高版本linux，但是需要特殊账号下载。

1.1      查看版本信息

cat /etc/redhat-release

uname -a

1.2      添加Oracle用户

useradd oracle -u 600

useradd grid -u 601

1.3      添加Oracle用户组

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1001 dba

groupadd -g 1002 oper

groupadd -g 1003 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1004 asmoper

groupadd -g 1005 asmdba

groupadd -g 1006 orauser

1.4      修改Oracle用户所属组

usermod -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

usermod -g oinstall -Gdba,asmdba,oper,oinstall,asmadmin grid

1.5      设置密码

passwd oracle   (oracle)

passwd grid (grid)

1.6      创建目录

mkdir /u01

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid

mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

 

1.7      解压缩安装文件

Grid文件：

unzip/mnt/hgfs/SoftWare/oracle11g_linux64_11.2.0.3.0/p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip

1.8      设置目录所有者

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

1.9      更改文件权限

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/grid

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory

1.12 修改系统用户资源权限

vi /etc/profile，增加：

#oracle

if [ $USER ="oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

        if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];then

                ulimit -p 16384

               ulimit -n 65536

        else

                ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

        fi

        umask 022

fi

1.13 设置内核参数

1.13.1   修改

vi /etc/sysctl.conf，添加：

#kernel.shmall =2097152（已有）

#kernel.shmmax =2147483648（已有）

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 25032000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default= 262144

net.core.rmem_max =4194304

net.core.wmem_default= 262144

net.core.wmem_max =1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500

fs.suid_dumpable = 1

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr =1048576

1.13.2   查看内核参数

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep fs.aio-max-nr

1.13.3   使内核参数生效

/sbin/sysctl -p

1.14 修改oracle 用户shell 限制

vi /etc/security/limits.conf，增加：

#add by lcs for oracle

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

1.15 oracle用户限制，登录

vi /etc/pam.d/login

#add by lcs for oracle

session required pam_limits.so

1.16 设置磁盘配置策略

vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

#modify by lcs for oracle

#old SELINUX=enforcing

SELINUX=disabled

 

1.17 重新启动系统

reboot

1.18 Oracle asm设置

1.18.1   下载oracle asm安装文件

yum 安装 ，6.1版本系统可使用6.3的yum源

1、  oracleasm-support-2.1.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm；

2、  oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

1.18.3   oracleasm配置

5、  配置: /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

信息：

Defaultuser to own the driver interface [grid]: grid

Defaultgroup to own the driver interface [dba]: asmadmin

StartOracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [y]:

Scan forOracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:

WritingOracle ASM library driver configuration: done

Initializingthe Oracle ASMLib driver:                    [  OK  ]

Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLibdisks:               [  OK  ]

1.18.4   通过vmware增加磁盘

1、  增加磁盘：在vmware中settings下通过：hareware-add disk,增加2个10g的磁盘分区

1.18.5             创建分区

2、  通过：fdisk –l看到Disk /dev/sdb:10.7 GB；Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB

3、  创建分区1：fdisk /dev/sdb

1.18.6             创建asm卷

/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk asm_lv1/dev/sdb1

/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk asm_lv2/dev/sdb2

都提示：

Marking disk "asm_lv1" as an ASMdisk:                     [  OK  ]

 

/etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks

1.18.7             查看oracleasm日志

创建工程中若出错看日志：

tail -f /var/log/oracleasm

more  /var/log/oracleasm

1.19 配置ip地址和主机名

1、设置ip地址

vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE="eth0"

#modify by lcs for oracle

#old BOOTPROTO="dhcp"

BOOTPROTO=static

ONBOOT="yes"

IPADDR=192.168.2.101

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.2.1

HWADDR="00:0C:29:33:E9:23"

NM_CONTROLLED="yes"

#old ONBOOT="no"

TYPE="Ethernet"

UUID="6777b2c9-5fd6-48be-a5cf-53169427b6b2"

 

2、修改主机名

vi /etc/sysconfig/network

#modify by lcs for oracle

#old HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain

HOSTNAME=oraclerac1

 

3.修改hosts文件

vi /etc/hosts

#modify by lcs for oracle

192.168.2.101 oraclerac1

127.0.0.1  localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

#old ::1         localhost localhost.localdomainlocalhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

1.20 配置grid用户环境变量

进入gird用户：su – grid

vi .bash_profile

#add by lcs for oracle

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

export TMP=/tmp

exportCLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

1.21 安装grid

1.21.1             切换到root

su –

xhost +

1.21.2             设置当前运行环境变量

Su - grid

export DISPLAY=:0.0

export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

1.21.3             执行安装

Cd /home/grid/grid

./runInstaller

1.21.4             设置口令

sys/asmsnmp口令=oracle

1.21.5             执行

在root用户下：

Su - root

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

提示信息：

Changingpermissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.

Addingread,write permissions for group.

Removingread,write,execute permissions for world.

 

Changinggroupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script iscomplete.

 

 

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid/root.sh

Performingroot user operation for Oracle 11g

 

Thefollowing environment variables are set as:

    ORACLE_OWNER= grid

    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid

 

Enter thefull pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

 

 

Creating/etc/oratab file...

Entrieswill be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

DatabaseConfiguration Assistant when a database is created

Finishedrunning generic part of root script.

Nowproduct-specific root actions will be performed.

Usingconfiguration parameter file:

执行：

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params

提示信息：

Creatingtrace directory

LOCAL ADDMODE

CreatingOCR keys for user 'grid', privgrp 'oinstall'..

Operationsuccessful.

LOCALONLY MODE

Successfullyaccumulated necessary OCR keys.

CreatingOCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..

Operationsuccessful.

CRS-4664:Node oraclerac1 successfully pinned.

AddingClusterware entries to upstart

 

oraclerac1     2012/10/06 20:12:51    /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid/cdata/oraclerac1/backup_20121006_201251.olr

Successfully configured Oracle Grid Infrastructure for aStandalone Server

 

问题分析:

        从上面的问题我们可以很清晰的看到是因为ASMCA无法连接到OracleGridInfrastructure而导致无法创建。

 

问题处理：

1、  检查has进程是否起来

2、  重新执行/DBSoft/11.2.4/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl起has进程

3、  重新执行asmca创建asm即可。

 

1.21.6             安装成功验证

su –grid

sqlplus / assysasm

 select name,statefrom v$asm_diskgroup;

1.21.7             安装日志查看

/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-10-06_05-09-12PM.log

后续可以使用asmca命令建立asm磁盘组和acfs卷以及文件系统