python dict 字典 总结

创建字典：
d = {}
d= dict()

初始化：
d = {"a":"apple","b":"banana"}

d = dict(a="apple",b="banana")

>>>d = dict.fromkeys(['a','b'])
>>>d = {}.fromkeys(['a','b'])
{'a':None,'b':None}

>>>d = dict(zip(["a","b"],["1","2"]))
{'a':'1','b':'2'}

添加：

>>> info = dict()
>>> info['name'] = 'cold'
>>> info['blog'] = 'linuxzen.com'
>>> info
{'blog': 'linuxzen.com', 'name': 'cold'}
>>> info
{'blog': 'linuxzen.com', 'name': 'cold night'}

更新

>>> info = dict(name='cold', blog='linuxzen.com')
>>> info.update({'name':'cold night', 'blogname':'linuxzen'})
>>> info
{'blog': 'linuxzen.com', 'name': 'cold night', 'blogname': 'linuxzen'}
或者
>>> info.update(name='cold', blog='www.linuxzen.com') 
>>> info
{'blog': 'www.linuxzen.com', 'name': 'cold', 'blogname': 'linuxzen'}

删除：

>>> info = dict(name='cold', blog='linuxzen.com')
>>> info
{'blog': 'linuxzen.com', 'name': 'cold'}
>>> del info['name']
>>> info
{'blog': 'linuxzen.com'}

同时也可以使用字典的pop方法来取出一个键值,并删除

>>> info = dict(name='cold', blog='linuxzen.com')
>>> info.pop('name')
'cold'
>>> info
{'blog': 'linuxzen.com'}

遍历

>>>d = dict(a="aaa",b="bbb")
>>>d.keys()
["a","b"]

>>>for key,value in d.items()
    print key,":",value

参考：
https://www.linuxzen.com/python-you-ya-de-cao-zuo-zi-dian.html
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-09/42950.htm
http://www.cnblogs.com/yangyongzhi/archive/2012/09/17/2688326.html