安卓Room数据库的使用

创建实体类加入依赖

implementation "android.arch.persistence.room:runtime:1.0.0"
annotationProcessor "android.arch.persistence.room:compiler:1.0.0"

创建实体类

@Entity
public class Word { // 实体类
    @PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true) // 设置主键，并且自动生长
    private int id;

    @ColumnInfo(name = "english_word") // 设置别名，如果不设置就默认为变量名
    private String word;
    @ColumnInfo(name = "chinese_meaning")
    private String chineseMeaning;

    public Word(String word, String chineseMeaning) {
        this.word = word;
        this.chineseMeaning = chineseMeaning;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getWord() {
        return word;
    }

    public void setWord(String word) {
        this.word = word;
    }

    public String getChineseMeaning() {
        return chineseMeaning;
    }

    public void setChineseMeaning(String chineseMeaning) {
        this.chineseMeaning = chineseMeaning;
    }
}

 这个类里面的东西我解释一下：

@Entity，表示这个类是数据库中的一张表（实体）

@Embedded，表示在这个表中嵌入另一个类（其实就是嵌了一张表）

@NonNull，主键必须声明非空，而且要在@ColumnInfo上面

@ColumnInfo(name = "id") 表示这个属性是数据库表的某一列，列名是id

@Ignore，让room忽略（我是标在无参构造方法上的，表示不让room用这个构造方法构造对象）

创建DAO类

@Dao // Database aceess object 访问数据库操作的接口
public interface WordDao { // 在这里声明数据库的操作，如增删改查
    @Insert
    void insertWords(Word... word); // 可以传递三个参数

    @Update
    void updatWords(Word... words);

    @Delete
    void deleteWords(Word... words);

    @Query("DELETE FROM WORD")
    void deleteAllWords();

    @Query("SELECT * FROM WORD ORDER BY ID DESC") // 降序排列
    List<Word> getAllWords();

创建DataBase

@Database(entities = {Word.class}, version = 1, exportSchema = false)
public abstract class WordDatabase extends RoomDatabase {
    public abstract WordDao getWordDao(); // 若有多个 Entity，则应该写多个 Dao
}

使用

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    WordDatabase wordDatabase;
    WordDao wordDao;
    TextView textView;
    Button buttonInsert,buttonUpdate,buttonDelete,buttonClear;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)  {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textView = findViewById(R.id.textView2);
        // allowMainThreadQueries() 强制允许在主线程执行，真实开发中不要这么做
        wordDatabase = Room.databaseBuilder(this,WordDatabase.class,"word_database").allowMainThreadQueries().build();
        wordDao = wordDatabase.getWordDao();

        updateView();

        buttonInsert = findViewById(R.id.buttonInsert);
        buttonUpdate = findViewById(R.id.buttonUpdate);
        buttonDelete = findViewById(R.id.buttonDelete);
        buttonClear = findViewById(R.id.buttonClear);


        buttonInsert.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Word word1 = new Word("Hello","你好");
                Word word2 = new Word("World","世界");
                wordDao.insertWords(word1,word2);
                updateView();
            }
        });

        buttonClear.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                wordDao.deleteAllWords();
                updateView();
            }
        });

        buttonUpdate.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Word word = new Word("good","真棒");
                word.setId(20);
                wordDao.updatWords(word);
                updateView();
            }
        });

        buttonDelete.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Word word = new Word("", "");
                word.setId(20);
                wordDao.deleteWords(word);
                updateView();
            }
        });

    }

    void updateView(){
        List<Word> list = wordDao.getAllWords();
        String text = "";
        for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++){
            Word word = list.get(i);
            text += word.getId() + ":" + word.getWord() + ":" + word.getChineseMeaning() + "\n";
        }
        textView.setText(text);
    }

源码已上传github下载地址