Java 文件上传和下载

1. 文件上传

（1）前端代码

<form id="uploadForm" role="form" action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <div class="form-group">
        <input type="file" id="inputFile" name="selectFile" multiple="multiple" class="form-control"/>
    </div>
</form>

注意：enctype="multipart/form-data" 是用来设置表单的MIME编码。默认情况，这个编码格式是

application/x-www-form-urlencoded，不能用于文件上传。只有使用了multipart/form-data，才能完整的传递文件数据。multiple="multiple" 是用来设置选择多个文件，批量文件上传时使用。

（2）提交方式

  可以使用ajax提交form表单：$("#uploadForm").submit(); 

  如果需要传递带参数的url可以先给action赋值：$("#uploadForm").attr('action',‘url?id=’+id);   然后再提交表单。 

 （3）后台代码

public void uploadFile(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
    MultipartHttpServletRequest mulRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
    MultipartFile mFile = mulRequest.getFile("selectFile"); // 得到上传文件
    // 获得项目部署路径（默认在Tomact的webapps目录下）
    String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(""); 
    String fileName = mFile.getOriginalFilename();          // 得到上传文件的文件名 
    InputStream inputStream = mFile.getInputStream();
    byte[] buff = new byte[1048576]; // 设置文件大小
    int length = inputStream.read(buff);
    //将文件上传到aa文件夹下
    //path = path + "aa/" + fileName;    // Linux环境
    path = path + "aa\\" + fileName;     // Windows环境 

    FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(path); // 文件流写到服务器
    outputStream.write(buff, 0, length);
    inputStream.close();
    outputStream.close();
}

2. 文件下载

public void downloadFile(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
    response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");  
    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");  
    BufferedInputStream bis = null; 
    BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
        
    String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName"); // 下载文件名
    String ctxPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("");// 获得项目部署路径
    ctxPath = ctxPath + "aa\\" + fileName; // Windows环境
    //ctxPath = ctxPath + "aa/" + fileName;// Linux环境
    long fileLength = new File(ctxPath).length();
    response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
    response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + new String(fileName.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1")); // 解决中文名称乱码问题
    response.setHeader("Content-Length", String.valueOf(fileLength));
  
    bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(ctxPath));
    bos = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream()); 
    byte[] buff = new byte[2048];
    int bytesRead;
    while (-1 != (bytesRead = bis.read(buff, 0, buff.length))) {
        bos.write(buff, 0, bytesRead);
    }
    bis.close();
    bos.close();
}