【Golang 基础系列十八】Go语言JSON

概述

JSON(JavaScript Object Notation,JavaScript对象表示法)是一种轻量级的、键值对的数据交换格式。结构由大括号’{}’，中括号’[]’，逗号’，’，冒号’;’，双引号’""'组成，包含的数据类型有Object，Number,Boolean,String,Array, NULL等。

目录

1. JSON序列化
2. JSON反序列化
3. 写JSON文件
4. 读JSON文件
5. 示例

JSON序列化

将Go语言原数据转换成JSON格式字符串

语法：

//传map,结构体,slice...,返回结果byte切片和error是否错误
func Marshal(v interface{
   }) ([]byte, error)

1. 结构体转JSON

   type Person struct{
        
      Name string   //姓名
      Age int       //年龄
      Sex rune      //性别
      Hobby []string  //爱好
      Money float64   //钱
   }
     
   person:=Person{
        Name:"张三",Age:18,Sex:'男',Hobby:[]string{
        "听音乐","看书","打篮球"},Money:18.62}
   if bytes,err:=json.Marshal(person);err!=nil{
        
     fmt.Println("编码错误",err)
   }else{
        
   //{"Name":"张三","Age":18,"Sex":30007,"Hobby":["听音乐","看书","打篮球"],"Money":18.62}
     fmt.Println("编码成功:",string(bytes))
   }
   

2. map转JSON

   p:=make(map[string]interface{
        },0)
   p["0"]=map[string]interface{
        }{
        "name":"张三","age":18,"sex":'男',"hobby":[]string{
        "听音乐","看书","打篮球"},"money":18.62}
   p["1"]=map[string]interface{
        }{
        "name":"李四","age":19,"sex":'女',"hobby":[]string{
        "听音乐","看电影","打足球"},"money":1.62}
   
   if bytes,err:=json.Marshal(p);err!=nil{
        
      fmt.Println("编码错误",err)
   }else{
        
      fmt.Println(string(bytes))
   }
   

3. 切片转JSON

     p:=make([]map[string]interface{
        },0)
     p1:=map[string]interface{
        }{
        "name":"张三","age":18,"sex":'男',"hobby":[]string{
        "听音乐","看书","打篮球"},"money":18.62}
     p2:=map[string]interface{
        }{
        "name":"李四","age":19,"sex":'女',"hobby":[]string{
        "听音乐","看电影","打足球"},"money":1.62}
     p=append(p,p1,p2)
   
     if bytes,err:=json.Marshal(p);err!=nil{
        
       fmt.Println("编码错误",err)
     }else{
        
       fmt.Println(string(bytes))
     }
   

JSON反序列化

将JSON格式字符串转换成Go语言原数据

//传入JSON字符串的byte字节和Go接收数据的类型指针，返回err错误，是否返回成功
func Unmarshal(data []byte, v interface{
   }) error

1. JSON转map

   str:=`{"Name":"张三","Age":18,"Sex":30007,"Hobby":["听音乐","看书","打篮球"],"Money":18.62}`
   
   p:=make(map[string]interface{
        }, 0)
   if err:=json.Unmarshal([]byte(str),&p);err!=nil{
        
     fmt.Println("解码失败",err)
   }else{
        
     fmt.Println("解析成功",p)
   }
   

2. JSON转结构体

   str:=`{"Name":"张三","Age":18,"Sex":30007,"Hobby":["听音乐","看书","打篮球"],"Money":18.62}`
   var p Person
   
   if err:=json.Unmarshal([]byte(str),&p);err!=nil{
        
     fmt.Println("解码失败",err)
   }else{
        
     fmt.Println("解析成功"