>>> dic = {'apple':2, 'orange':1} #定义一个字典 >>> dic {'orange': 1, 'apple': 2} >>> newdic = dic.copy() >>> newdic {'orange': 1, 'apple': 2} >>> dic['banana'] = 5 #增加一项 >>> dic.items() [('orange', 1), ('apple', 2), ('banana', 5)] >>> dic.pop('apple') #删除'apple' 2 >>> dic {'orange': 1, 'banana': 5} >>> dic.keys() ['orange', 'banana'] >>> dic.values() [1, 5] >>> dic.update({'banana':3}) #更新'banana'的值 >>> dic {'orange': 1, 'banana': 3} >>> dic.clear() >>> dic {} >>> newdic {'orange': 1, 'apple': 2}