项目使用了flask作为web框架,当然数据库操作框架会选择flask-sqlalchemy,这使用的过程中真的很方便,简直是痛快,并且sqlalchemy提供了分页函数(paginate),与datatables结合简直是完美,但是在后来随着功能的增加,需要在项目中添加线程(threading),添加线程是没问题的,但是在线程中进行数据库操作就会出现问题,这是因为线程脱离了flask的上下文,不能访问和flask绑定的数据库对象,刚开始是要再创建一个数据库对象去解决,这样就要维护两份表与对象的映射关系,最后还是放弃了flask-sqlalchemy,使用了sqlalchemy,真心感觉flask-sqlalchemy对sqlalchemy封装的很好,并且是线程安全的,换成sqlalchemy后所有的table分页都出了问题,sqlalchemy既然没有paginate方法,考虑到自己封装一个paginate,以查询对象作为参数,但是这样会改好多代码,代价太大,经过分析flask-sqalchemy源码发现,可以将flask-sqlalchemy中的paginate方法绑定到sqlalchemy的Query对象上。
操作如下:
from sqlalchemy.orm import Query
class Pagination(object):
"""
分页对象
"""
def __init__(self, query, page, per_page, total, items):
self.query = query
self.page = page
self.per_page = per_page
self.total = total
self.items = items
@property
def pages(self):
if self.per_page == 0:
pages = 0
else:
pages = int(ceil(self.total / float(self.per_page)))
return pages
def prev(self, error_out=False):
assert self.query is not None, 'a query object is required ' \
'for this method to work'
return self.query.paginate(self.page - 1, self.per_page, error_out)
@property
def prev_num(self):
if not self.has_prev:
return None
return self.page - 1
@property
def has_prev(self):
return self.page > 1
def next(self, error_out=False):
assert self.query is not None, 'a query object is required ' \
'for this method to work'
return self.query.paginate(self.page + 1, self.per_page, error_out)
@property
def has_next(self):
return self.page < self.pages
@property
def next_num(self):
if not self.has_next:
return None
return self.page + 1
def iter_pages(self, left_edge=2, left_current=2,
right_current=5, right_edge=2):
last = 0
for num in xrange(1, self.pages + 1):
if num <= left_edge or \
(num > self.page - left_current - 1 and \
num < self.page + right_current) or \
num > self.pages - right_edge:
if last + 1 != num:
yield None
yield num
last = num
def paginate(self, page=None, per_page=None, error_out=True):
"""
分页函数
:param self:
:param page:
:param per_page:
:param error_out:
:return:
"""
if request:
if page is None:
try:
page = int(request.args.get('page', 1))
except (TypeError, ValueError):
if error_out:
abort(404)
page = 1
if per_page is None:
try:
per_page = int(request.args.get('per_page', 20))
except (TypeError, ValueError):
if error_out:
abort(404)
per_page = 20
else:
if page is None:
page = 1
if per_page is None:
per_page = 20
if error_out and page < 1:
abort(404)
items = self.limit(per_page).offset((page - 1) * per_page).all()
if not items and page != 1 and error_out:
abort(404)
if page == 1 and len(items) < per_page:
total = len(items)
else:
total = self.order_by(None).count()
return Pagination(self, page, per_page, total, items)
Query.paginate = paginate#在原查询类上加上分页方法
这样就搞定了,上面的paginate方法和Pagination类是从flask-sqlalchemy中复制的,当然也可以通过这个方法为sqlalchemy定制其他的方法。