JAVA新手上路-2-javac编译

参考文献：

在学习 JAVA核心技术的 5.7反射章节

写了两个.java

1.Employee.java

package inheritance; 
import java.time.*;

public class Employee {
private String name;
private double salary;
private LocalDate hireDay;

public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
 {
 this.name = name;
 this.salary = salary;
hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
}
public String getName() {
return name; }
public double getSalary() {
return salary; }
public LocalDate getHireDay() {
return hireDay; }
public void raiseSalary(double byPercent) {
double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
salary += raise; }
}

2.reflect.java

package inheritance; 


import java.time.*; 
import java.lang.reflect.Field;  

public class reflect {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Employee harry = new Employee("Harry Hacker", 35000, 1890,10, 1); 
Class cl = harry.getClass();
// the class object representing Employee 
Field f = cl.getDeclaredField("name");
// the name field of the Employee class 
Object v= f.get(harry);
// the value of the name field of the harry object, i .e., the String object "Harry Hacker"
System.out.println(cl);
System.out.println(f);
System.out.println(v);
}
}

正常的单编译方式使用的是javac reflect.java. 但在今天的场景下满足不了，因为reflect的编译过程需要依赖Employee.class

正确的编译方式是：先编译被依赖文件，再编译依赖者（并需要在参数内传入依赖文件信息）

1.javac -d ./ Employee.java   //（这个命令结束会自动创建./inheritance文件夹，并将对应的java文件创建到这个文件夹内）

2.javac -classpath . -d ./ reflect.java      //必须带classpath指定

3.java -classpath . inheritance.reflect      //调取class时必须基于package的路径调取（即classpath）

运行结果如下：

class inheritance.Employee
public java.lang.String inheritance.Employee.name
Harry Hacker

classpath是一个在本目录下检索package的命令，第二个参数inheritance决定了需要到这个目录去查找

如果直接执行java ./inheritance/reflect

会报错如下：Error: Could not find or load main class ..inheritance.reflect

即按package编译的class必须也要按package读取。

 

另一方面：Employee类的private过滤不允许单独读取变量。因此需要修改为public即可解决问题。

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalAccessException: Class inheritance.reflect can not access a member of class inheritance.Employee with modifiers "private"

 

https://www.cnblogs.com/sanxinglan/p/3520942.html