4.26Alias
Alias别名:
一条命令的另外一个名字,你可以理解为外号。
举例:
网卡配置文件路径很长,每次敲这个命令都要花很长时间,可以做一个别名:
alias viens33=‘vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33’
vi ~/.bashrc //针对当前用户的,换一个用户就不好使了
vi /etc/bashrc //针对所有用户,不仅仅是当前用户。
在这个文件最后面增加:alias viens33=‘vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33’
4.27php编译安装
-
下载PHP
[root@zyp01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@zyp01 src]# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.0.tar.bz2 -
解压
安装bzip2
yum install -y bzip2
进行解压
tar jxvf php-7.3.0.tar.bz2 -
编译
编译安装一个软件的步骤
1)配置编译参数./configure
2)make 编译:将源码文件编译成二进制文件
3)make install 安装
详细步骤
1)进入cd php-7.3.0
编译参数:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl2)make 开始编,编译错误见后
3)make install 将二进制的文件复制到/usr/local/php-fpm/下面。 -
拷贝配置文件
两个配置文件,一个服务本身的配置文件php-fpm,一个是php的配置文件php.ini[root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/ bin etc include lib php sbin var [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# cd /usr/local/php-fpm/ [root@zyp01 php-fpm]# cd etc [root@zyp01 etc]# ls pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.d [root@zyp01 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@zyp01 etc]# cd /usr/local/src/php-7.3.0/ [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
5、配置启动脚本
[root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# chkconfig --add php-fpm [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# chkconfig --list [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# service php-fpm start env: /etc/init.d/php-fpm: 权限不够 [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# service php-fpm start Starting php-fpm [12-Feb-2019 17:18:22] WARNING: Nothing matches the include pattern '/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf' from /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf at line 143. [12-Feb-2019 17:18:22] ERROR: No pool defined. at least one pool section must be specified in config file [12-Feb-2019 17:18:22] ERROR: failed to post process the configuration [12-Feb-2019 17:18:22] ERROR: FPM initialization failed failed [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d www.conf.default [root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# cd !$ cd /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d [root@zyp01 php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf [root@zyp01 php-fpm.d]# useradd php-fpm [root@zyp01 php-fpm.d]# service php-fpm start
补充:
vi 里面在一般模式下,按dd可以删除行(剪切),5dd(剪切5行),光标挪到要粘贴的位置,按p。
操作错误之后,想要撤销,可以按u,反着撤销按 ctrl r;
一般模式下按gg可以把光标定位到首行,按G可以定位到末行;
按yy复制,5yy复制5行;
显示行号,在一般模式里输入:set nu;
定位到指定的行:一般模式下直接按数字G,如10G
编译安装一个软件包的步骤:
grep -i 忽略大小写
错误1:
checking for cc… no
checking for gcc… no
解决: yum install -y gcc
错误2:
error: libxml2 not found
解决:
用yum查询一下缺少哪个软件包
[root@zyp01 php-7.3.0]# yum list |grep libxml2
libxml2.x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 @anaconda
libxml2.i686 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 base
libxml2-devel.i686 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 base
libxml2-devel.x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 base
libxml2-python.x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 base
libxml2-static.i686 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 base
libxml2-static.x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 base
安装libxml2-devel
yum install -y libxml2-devel
错误3:
error: Cannot find OpenSSL’s
解决:yum install -y openssl-devel
错误4:
error: cURL version 7.15.5 or later is required
解决:yum install -y libcurl-devel
错误5:
configure: error: jpeglib.h not found
解决:yum install -y libjpeg-turbo-devel
错误6:
configure: error: png.h not found
解决:yum install -y libpng-devel
错误7:
configure: error: freetype-config not found.
解决: yum install -y freetype-devel
错误8:
configure: error: wrong mysql library version or lib not found
解决:下载一个低版本的MySQL/Mariadb
[root@zyp01 src]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar zxvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql5.6
改编译参数。回到php-7.3.0目录下:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql5.6 --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql5.6 --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl
4.30编译安装nginx
官方文档:http://nginx.org/en/docs/install.html
- 下载:
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz - 解压:
tar zxvf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.14.2
3.配置编译参数:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module - 编译安装
make && make install - 启动:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx - 检查是否安装成功
ps aux |grep nginx
netstat -ltnp |grep nginx