Netty核心实现一览(1)

解决Epoll Bug

产生原因：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/26065628
实现：NioEventLoop.rebuildSelector()

    public void rebuildSelector() {
        if (!inEventLoop()) {
            execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    rebuildSelector0();
                }
            });
            return;
        }
        rebuildSelector0();
    }

    //重建一个Selector将Channel重新注册
    private void rebuildSelector0() {
        final Selector oldSelector = selector;
        final SelectorTuple newSelectorTuple;

        if (oldSelector == null) {
            return;
        }

        try {
            newSelectorTuple = openSelector();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.warn("Failed to create a new Selector.", e);
            return;
        }

        // Register all channels to the new Selector.
        int nChannels = 0;
        for (SelectionKey key: oldSelector.keys()) {
            Object a = key.attachment();
            try {
                if (!key.isValid() || key.channel().keyFor(newSelectorTuple.unwrappedSelector) != null) {
                    continue;
                }

                int interestOps = key.interestOps();
                key.cancel();
                SelectionKey newKey = key.channel().register(newSelectorTuple.unwrappedSelector, interestOps, a);
                if (a instanceof AbstractNioChannel) {
                    // Update SelectionKey
                    ((AbstractNioChannel) a).selectionKey = newKey;
                }
                nChannels ++;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                logger.warn("Failed to re-register a Channel to the new Selector.", e);
                if (a instanceof AbstractNioChannel) {
                    AbstractNioChannel ch = (AbstractNioChannel) a;
                    ch.unsafe().close(ch.unsafe().voidPromise());
                } else {
                    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                    NioTask<SelectableChannel> task = (NioTask<SelectableChannel>) a;
                    invokeChannelUnregistered(task, key, e);
                }
            }
        }

        selector = newSelectorTuple.selector;
        unwrappedSelector = newSelectorTuple.unwrappedSelector;

        try {
            // time to close the old selector as everything else is registered to the new one
            oldSelector.close();
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                logger.warn("Failed to close the old Selector.", t);
            }
        }

        logger.info("Migrated " + nChannels + " channel(s) to the new Selector.");
    }

---

NioEventLoop干了什么

    @Override
    protected void run() {
        for (;;) {
            try {
                //判断任务队列中是否有任务
                switch (selectStrategy.calculateStrategy(selectNowSupplier, hasTasks())) {
                    case SelectStrategy.CONTINUE:
                        continue;
                    case SelectStrategy.SELECT:
                        select(wakenUp.getAndSet(false));

                        // 'wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)' is always evaluated
                        // before calling 'selector.wakeup()' to reduce the wake-up
                        // overhead. (Selector.wakeup() is an expensive operation.)
                        //
                        // However, there is a race condition in this approach.
                        // The race condition is triggered when 'wakenUp' is set to
                        // true too early.
                        //
                        // 'wakenUp' is set to true too early if:
                        // 1) Selector is waken up between 'wakenUp.set(false)' and
                        //    'selector.select(...)'. (BAD)
                        // 2) Selector is waken up between 'selector.select(...)' and
                        //    'if (wakenUp.get()) { ... }'. (OK)
                        //
                        // In the first case, 'wakenUp' is set to true and the
                        // following 'selector.select(...)' will wake up immediately.
                        // Until 'wakenUp' is set to false again in the next round,
                        // 'wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)' will fail, and therefore
                        // any attempt to wake up the Selector will fail, too, causing
                        // the following 'selector.select(...)' call to block
                        // unnecessarily.
                        //
                        // To fix this problem, we wake up the selector again if wakenUp
                        // is true immediately after selector.select(...).
                        // It is inefficient in that it wakes up the selector for both
                        // the first case (BAD - wake-up required) and the second case
                        // (OK - no wake-up required).

                        if (wakenUp.get()) {
                            selector.wakeup();
                        }
                        // fall through
                    default:
                }

                cancelledKeys = 0;
                needsToSelectAgain = false;
                final int ioRatio = this.ioRatio;
                if (ioRatio == 100) {
                    try {
                        processSelectedKeys();
                    } finally {
                        // Ensure we always run tasks.
                        runAllTasks();
                    }
                } else {
                    final long ioStartTime = System.nanoTime();
                    try {
                        processSelectedKeys();
                    } finally {
                        // Ensure we always run tasks.
                        final long ioTime = System.nanoTime() - ioStartTime;
                        runAllTasks(ioTime * (100 - ioRatio) / ioRatio);
                    }
                }
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                handleLoopException(t);
            }
            // Always handle shutdown even if the loop processing threw an exception.
            try {
                if (isShuttingDown()) {
                    closeAll();
                    if (confirmShutdown()) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                handleLoopException(t);
            }
        }
    }

其中的核心是select()

    private void select(boolean oldWakenUp) throws IOException {
        Selector selector = this.selector;
        try {
            int selectCnt = 0;
            long currentTimeNanos = System.nanoTime();
            long selectDeadLineNanos = currentTimeNanos + delayNanos(currentTimeNanos);
            for (;;) {
                long timeoutMillis = (selectDeadLineNanos - currentTimeNanos + 500000L) / 1000000L;
                if (timeoutMillis <= 0) {
                    if (selectCnt == 0) {
                        selector.selectNow();
                        selectCnt = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                }

                // If a task was submitted when wakenUp value was true, the task didn't get a chance to call
                // Selector#wakeup. So we need to check task queue again before executing select operation.
                // If we don't, the task might be pended until select operation was timed out.
                // It might be pended until idle timeout if IdleStateHandler existed in pipeline.
                if (hasTasks() && wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
                    selector.selectNow();
                    selectCnt = 1;
                    break;
                }

                int selectedKeys = selector.select(timeoutMillis);
                selectCnt ++;

                if (selectedKeys != 0 || oldWakenUp || wakenUp.get() || hasTasks() || hasScheduledTasks()) {
                    // - Selected something,
                    // - waken up by user, or
                    // - the task queue has a pending task.
                    // - a scheduled task is ready for processing
                    break;
                }
                if (Thread.interrupted()) {
                    // Thread was interrupted so reset selected keys and break so we not run into a busy loop.
                    // As this is most likely a bug in the handler of the user or it's client library we will
                    // also log it.
                    //
                    // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/2426
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug("Selector.select() returned prematurely because " +
                                "Thread.currentThread().interrupt() was called. Use " +
                                "NioEventLoop.shutdownGracefully() to shutdown the NioEventLoop.");
                    }
                    selectCnt = 1;
                    break;
                }

                long time = System.nanoTime();
                if (time - TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(timeoutMillis) >= currentTimeNanos) {
                    // timeoutMillis elapsed without anything selected.
                    selectCnt = 1;
                } else if (SELECTOR_AUTO_REBUILD_THRESHOLD > 0 &&
                        selectCnt >= SELECTOR_AUTO_REBUILD_THRESHOLD) {
                    // The selector returned prematurely many times in a row.
                    // Rebuild the selector to work around the problem.
                    logger.warn(
                            "Selector.select() returned prematurely {} times in a row; rebuilding Selector {}.",
                            selectCnt, selector);

                    rebuildSelector();
                    selector = this.selector;

                    // Select again to populate selectedKeys.
                    selector.selectNow();
                    selectCnt = 1;
                    break;
                }

                currentTimeNanos = time;
            }

            if (selectCnt > MIN_PREMATURE_SELECTOR_RETURNS) {
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Selector.select() returned prematurely {} times in a row for Selector {}.",
                            selectCnt - 1, selector);
                }
            }
        } catch (CancelledKeyException e) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug(CancelledKeyException.class.getSimpleName() + " raised by a Selector {} - JDK bug?",
                        selector, e);
            }
            // Harmless exception - log anyway
        }
    }