家庭收支系统
系统介绍
记录家庭的收入、支出,并能够打印收支明细表。
涉及到的知识点
1.变量的定义
2.基本数据类型的使用
3.循环语句
4.分支语句
5.方法声明、调用和返回值的接受
6.简单的屏幕输出格式控制
7.导入包并调用相关方法
(其实 这阶段主要考验我们对工具包的使用)
程序代码示例
package comhomecustom;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class HomeCommas {
//定义三个成员变量
private static String[] incomeList; //收入
private static String[] outcomeList; //支出
private static int money;
public static void main(String[] args) {
money = 10000;
char x = menu();
login(x);
}
public static char menu() {
System.out.println("----------家庭收支记账软件----------");
System.out.println("\n");
System.out.println("----------1.收支明细----------");
System.out.println("----------2.登记收入----------");
System.out.println("----------3.登记支出----------");
System.out.println("----------4.退 出----------");
System.out.println(" 请选择(1-4)");
char x = Utility.readMenuSelection();
return x;
}
public static void login(char x) {
while (true) {
switch (x) {
case '1':
in_and_ex_detail();
//返回收支明细的方法
break;
case '2':
income();
break;
case '3':
outcome();
break;
case '4':
System.out.println("确认请输入Y,取消请输入N");
char c = Utility.readConfirmSelection();
if (c == 'Y') {
return;
} else {
break;
}
default:
System.out.println("输入的数字有误");
}
x = menu();
}
}
public static String[] in_and_ex_sout(int change[],String reason[]){
String[] arr1 = new String[6];
System.out.println("收支 账户总金额 收支金额 说明");
for (int i = 0; i < change.length; i++) {
money += change[i];
if (change[i] > 0) {
System.out.println("收入 " + money + " " + "+" + change[i] + " " + reason[i]);
arr1[i] = "收入 " + money + " " + "+" + change[i] + " " + reason[i];
} else if (change[i] < 0) {
arr1[i] = "支出 " + money + " " + change[i] + " " + reason[i];
System.out.println("支出 " + money + " " + change[i] + " " + reason[i]);
}
}
return arr1;
}
public static void income(){
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入收入的金额,要求为整数,当金额为0时停止,最多输入六条");
int[] arr = new int[6];
String[] brr = new String[6];
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
System.out.println("请输入收入的金额");
//int income = sc.nextInt();
int income = Utility.readNumber();
if (income == 0) break;
System.out.println("请输入收入的原因");
// String reason = sc.next();
String reason = Utility.readString();
arr[i] = income;
brr[i] = reason;
}
incomeList = in_and_ex_sout(arr, brr);
return;
}
public static void outcome(){
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入支出的金额,要求为整数,当金额为0时停止,最多输入六条");
int[] arr = new int[6];
String[] brr = new String[6];
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
System.out.println("请输入支出的金额");
// int cost = sc.nextInt();
int cost = Utility.readNumber();
if (cost == 0) break;
System.out.println(“请输入支出的原因”);
String reason = Utility.readString();
arr[i] = -cost;
brr[i] = reason;
}
outcomeList = in_and_ex_sout(arr, brr);
return;
}
public static void in_and_ex_detail() {
//定义一个数组,没有给定长度的时候,
// 直接使用 数组名.Length 方法时候,就会报空指针异常
System.out.println("收支 账户总金额 收支金额 说明");
if (incomeList!=null)
{
for (int i = 0; i < incomeList.length; i++) {
if (incomeList[i] != null)
System.out.println(incomeList[i]);
else break;
}}else
{
System.out.println("请录入收入信息");
}
if (outcomeList!=null){
for (int i = 0; i < outcomeList.length; i++) {
if (outcomeList[i] != null)
System.out.println(outcomeList[i]);
else break;
} }
else
{
System.out.println("请录入支出信息");
}
}
}
**
工具包演示
package comhomecustom;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
Utility工具类:
将不同的功能封装为方法,就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能,而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。
/
public class Utility {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
/*
用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘,如果用户键入’1’-’4’中的任意字符,则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
/
public static char readMenuSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != ‘1’ && c != ‘2’ && c != ‘3’ && c != ‘4’) {
System.out.print(“选择错误,请重新输入:”);
} else break;
}
return c;
}
/*
用于收入和支出金额的输入。该方法从键盘读取一个不超过4位长度的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。
/
public static int readNumber() {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(4);
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print(“数字输入错误,请重新输入:”);
}
}
return n;
}
/*
用于收入和支出说明的输入。该方法从键盘读取一个不超过8位长度的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static String readString() {
String str = readKeyBoard(8);
return str;
}
/**
用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readConfirmSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1).toUpperCase();
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
break;
} else {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return c;
}
private static String readKeyBoard(int limit) {
String line = "";
while (scanner.hasNext()) {
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
System.out.print("输入长度(不大于" + limit + ")错误,请重新输入:");
continue;
}
break;
}
return line;
}
}