Spring MVC复习（个人查漏补缺）

最新推荐文章于 2020-08-02 12:22:06 发布

高晓庄_gord

最新推荐文章于 2020-08-02 12:22:06 发布

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分类专栏：复习文章标签：乱码过滤器 spring java mybatis

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/gxzhaha/article/details/106627125

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三层架构

表现层：web层，用来和客户端进行数据交互

业务层：处理公司具体的业务逻辑

持久层：用来操作数据库的

MVC模型

模型视图控制器

SpringMVC是基于java实现的MVC设计模型的请求驱动类型的轻量级WEB框架

入门程序

pom文件

<!-- 版本锁定 --> <properties> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>

2. 配置核心的控制器（配置 DispatcherServlet ）

1. 在 web.xml 配置文件中核心控制器 DispatcherServlet

<!-- SpringMVC的核心控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet- class> <!-- 配置Servlet的初始化参数，读取springmvc的配置文件，创建spring容器 --> <init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 配置servlet启动时加载对象 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>

3. 编写 springmvc.xml 的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"></context:component-scan> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置spring开启注解mvc的支持 <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>--> </beans>

4. 编写 index.jsp 和 HelloController 控制器类

1. index.jsp

<body><h3>入门案例</h3> <a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/hello">入门案例</a> </body>

2. HelloController

package cn.itcast.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; /*** 控制器 * @author rt */ @Controller public class HelloController { /*** 接收请求 * @return */ @RequestMapping(path="/hello") public String sayHello() { System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC!!"); return "success"; } }

5. 在 WEB-INF 目录下创建 pages 文件夹，编写 success.jsp 的成功页面

<body><h3>入门成功！！</h3> </body>

6. 启动 Tomcat 服务器，进行测试

用到的组件：

1. 前端控制器（ DispatcherServlet ）

2. 处理器映射器（ HandlerMapping ）

3. 处理器（ Handler ）

4. 处理器适配器（ HandlAdapter ）

5. 视图解析器（ View Resolver ）

6. 视图（ View ）

RequestMapping 注解

建立请求URL和处理方法之间的对应关系

可以作用在方法和类上

常用的注解

@RequestParam

把请求中的指定名称的参数传递给控制器中的形参赋值 value：请求参数的名称

@RequestBody

用于获取请求体内容

@PathVariable

拥有绑定url中的占位符

@RequestHeader

获取请求头的值

ResponseBody 响应 json 数据

<dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency>

SSM整合

数据库

create database ssm; use ssm; create table account( id int primary key auto_increment, name varchar(20), money double );

<properties> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version> <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version> <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version> </properties> <dependencies>
<!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version>
<scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- log start --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log end --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency>
<dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> <type>jar</type> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>ssm</finalName> <pluginManagement> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <showWarnings>true</showWarnings> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build>

编写实体类

package cn.itcast.domain; 
import java.io.Serializable; 
public class Account implements Serializable{ 
private static final long serialVersionUID = 7355810572012650248L; 
private Integer id; 
private String name; 
private Double money;
 public Integer getId() {
return id; 
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
 this.id = id;
 }
public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
public void setName(String name) { 
this.name = name;
 }
public Double getMoney() { 
return money; 
}
public void setMoney(Double money) { 
this.money = money; 
}
 }

编写 dao 接口

package cn.itcast.dao; import java.util.List; import cn.itcast.domain.Account; public interface AccountDao { public void saveAccount(Account account); public List<Account> findAll(); }

编写 service 接口和实现类

package cn.itcast.service; import java.util.List; import cn.itcast.domain.Account; public interface AccountService {

搭建和测试 Spring 的开发环境

创建 applicationContext.xml 的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 开启注解扫描，要扫描的是service和dao层的注解，要忽略web层注解，因为web层让SpringMVC框架 去管理 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast"> <!-- 配置要忽略的注解 --> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> </beans>

编写测试方法

package cn.itcast.test; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import cn.itcast.service.AccountService; public class ServiceTest { @Test public void run1() { ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml"); AccountService as = (AccountService) ac.getBean("accountService"); as.findAll(); } }

Spring 整合 SpringMVC 框架

在 web.xml 中配置 DispatcherServlet 前端控制器

<!-- 配置前端控制器：服务器启动必须加载，需要加载springmvc.xml配置文件 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 配置初始化参数，创建完DispatcherServlet对象，加载springmvc.xml配置文件 --> <init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 服务器启动的时候，让DispatcherServlet对象创建 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>

在 web.xml 中配置 DispatcherServlet 过滤器解决中文乱码

<!-- 配置解决中文乱码的过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>

创建 springmvc.xml 的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 扫描controller的注解，别的不扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- JSP文件所在的目录 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/" /> <!-- 文件的后缀名 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 设置静态资源不过滤 --> <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" /> <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" /> <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" /> <!-- 开启对SpringMVC注解的支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> </beans>

1. 编写 index.jsp 和 list.jsp 编写，超链接

<a href="account/findAll">查询所有</a>

创建 AccountController 类

package cn.itcast.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller @RequestMapping("/account") public class AccountController { /*** 查询所有的数据 * @return */ @RequestMapping("/findAll") public String findAll() { System.out.println("表现层：查询所有账户..."); return "list"; } }

高晓庄_gord

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Spring MVC复习（个人查漏补缺）

三层架构表现层：web层，用来和客户端进行数据交互业务层：处理公司具体的业务逻辑持久层：用来操作数据库的MVC模型模型视图控制器SpringMVC是基于java实现的MVC设计模型的请求驱动类型的轻量级WEB框架入门程序pom文件 <properties> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties...
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