swift protocol + delegate + 组合 替代继承

继承需求案例（搜索框定制）

继承从代码复用的角度来说，特别好用，也特别容易被滥用和被错用。不恰当地使用继承导致的最大的一个缺陷特征就是高耦合。
在这里我要补充一点，耦合是一个特征，虽然大部分情况是缺陷的特征，但是当耦合成为需求的时候，耦合就不是缺陷了。

案例来自：casatwy & 跳出面向对象思想(一) 继承.

以下为自己对文章的理解。

import UIKit

var ScreenH: CGFloat {
    return UIScreen.main.bounds.height
}
var ScreenW: CGFloat {
    return UIScreen.main.bounds.width
}

/*
 * 搜索关键词 逻辑分离
 */
@objc protocol SearchProtocol {
    @objc func search(params: [String:Any])
}

// 请求完成回调
typealias CompleteHolder = (Bool) -> Void

// 首页VM
class HomeViewModel: SearchProtocol {
    
    // 页面数据
    var sourceArr = [Any]()
    // 刷新UI回调
    var refreshUI: CompleteHolder?
    
    // 关键词搜素
    func search(params: [String:Any]){
        
        // 请求接口 searchHome?keyword=keyword
        print("请求了首页数据")
        // 更新数据
        sourceArr = [Any]()
        // 刷新UI
        guard let holder = refreshUI else { return }
        holder(true)
        
    }
}

// 分类页面VM
class ClassifyViewModel: SearchProtocol {
    
    // 页面数据
    var sourceArr = [Any]()
    // 刷新UI回调
    var refreshUI: CompleteHolder?
    
    // 关键词搜素
    func search(params: [String:Any]) {
        
        // 请求接口 searchClassify?keyword=keyword&sort=2
        print("请求了分类页面数据")
        // 更新数据
        sourceArr = [Any]()
        // 刷新UI
        guard let holder = refreshUI else { return }
        holder(true)
        
    }
}

// 自定义搜索框 左右结构
class CustomSearchBar: UIView {
    
    var backButton: UIButton!
    var searchTextfield: UITextField!
    
    weak var delegate : SearchProtocol?

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        
        backgroundColor = .lightGray
        
        backButton = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 40, height: frame.size.height))
        backButton.setTitle("返回", for: .normal)
        backButton.titleLabel?.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 16)
        backButton.setTitleColor(.blue, for: .normal)
        addSubview(backButton)
        
        let searchTextfieldX = backButton.frame.maxX + 10
        searchTextfield = UITextField(frame: CGRect(x: searchTextfieldX, y: 0, width: frame.size.width-searchTextfieldX, height: frame.size.height))
        searchTextfield.placeholder = "搜高清热剧"
        searchTextfield.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14)
        searchTextfield.layer.borderColor = UIColor.blue.cgColor
        searchTextfield.layer.masksToBounds = true
        searchTextfield.layer.borderWidth = 1/UIScreen.main.scale
        searchTextfield.layer.cornerRadius = 5
        searchTextfield.leftView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: frame.size.height))
        searchTextfield.leftViewMode = .always
        addSubview(searchTextfield)
        
    }
    
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }
}

// 自定义搜索框 上下结构
class CustomSearchBigBar: UIView {
    
    var searchTextfield: UITextField!
    var promptLabel: UILabel!
    
    weak var delegate : SearchProtocol?

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        
        backgroundColor = .lightGray
        
        searchTextfield = UITextField(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: frame.size.width, height: frame.size.height-20))
        searchTextfield.placeholder = "搜高清热剧"
        searchTextfield.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14)
        searchTextfield.layer.borderColor = UIColor.blue.cgColor
        searchTextfield.layer.masksToBounds = true
        searchTextfield.layer.borderWidth = 1/UIScreen.main.scale
        searchTextfield.layer.cornerRadius = 5
        searchTextfield.leftView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: frame.size.height))
        searchTextfield.leftViewMode = .always
        addSubview(searchTextfield)
        
        promptLabel = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: searchTextfield.frame.maxY, width: searchTextfield.frame.size.width, height: 20))
        promptLabel.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 12)
        promptLabel.text = "我是提示信息"
        addSubview(promptLabel)
        
    }
    
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }
}


class HomeViewController: UIViewController {
    
    var searctBar = CustomSearchBar(frame: CGRect(x: 10, y: 120, width: ScreenW-20, height: 30))
    var searctBigBar = CustomSearchBigBar(frame: CGRect(x: 10, y: 200, width: ScreenW-20, height: 30+20))

    
    var logic = HomeViewModel()
    var logicB = ClassifyViewModel()

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        view.backgroundColor = .white
        
        view.addSubview(searctBar)
        view.addSubview(searctBigBar)

        
        // 两种样式不同的UI 调用同一个搜索逻辑
        searctBar.delegate = logicB
        searctBar.delegate?.search(params: ["keyworld":"影视"])
//        searctBigBar.delegate = logicB
//        searctBigBar.delegate?.search(params: ["keyworld":"影视","sort":1])
        
        
        // 也可根据需求改动   更换另外一个逻辑
        searctBigBar.delegate = logic
        searctBigBar.delegate?.search(params: ["keyworld":"影视","sort":1])

    }

}