oracle 10g 数据库RMAN创建 Data Guard方法

 

一、主从监听程序都一样，如下：

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = sms)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /data/oracle/oracle)
      (SID_NAME = sms)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = Server-Name)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
  )

INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_LISTENER = 0

SUBSCRIBE_FOR_NODE_DOWN_EVENT_LISTENER=OFF

 

二、主从tnsnames.ora文件内容，都一样的，主库配置为primary，从库配置为standby：

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/oracle/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )
 
PRIMARY=
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = *.*.*.99)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = sms)
    )
  )

 
STANDBY=
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = *.*.*.27)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = sms)
    )
  )

三、主库参数文件：

sms.__db_cache_size=4798283776
sms.__java_pool_size=16777216
sms.__large_pool_size=16777216
sms.__shared_pool_size=385875968
sms.__streams_pool_size=16777216
*._kgl_large_heap_warning_threshold=8388608
*.audit_file_dest='/data/oracle/recovey_archivelog/audit_records'
*.audit_sys_operations=TRUE
*.audit_trail='OS'
*.background_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sms/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_file_record_keep_time=21
*.control_files='/data/oracle/oradata/sms/control01.ctl','/data/oracle/oradata/sms/control02.ctl','/data/oracle
/oradata/sms/control03.ctl'#Restore Controlfile
*.core_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sms/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_file_name_convert='/data/oracle/oradata/sms/','/data/oracle/oradata/sms/'
*.db_flashback_retention_target=4320
*.db_name='sms'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/data/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=85899345920
*.db_unique_name='smsdg'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=smsXDB)'
*.fal_client='PRIMARY'
*.fal_server='STANDBY'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(sms,smsdg)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/data/oracle/recovey_archivelog/archivelog'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=standby LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE )db_unique_name=sms'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_max_processes=10
*.log_file_name_convert='/data/oracle/oradata/sms/','/data/oracle/oradata/sms/'
*.open_cursors=1500
*.open_links=10
*.pga_aggregate_target=1258291200
*.processes=1000
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.resource_limit=TRUE
*.session_cached_cursors=100
*.sessions=1105
*.sga_max_size=5452595200
*.sga_target=5251268608
*.shared_servers=0
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sms/udump'

从库参数文件：

sms.__db_cache_size=4798283776
sms.__java_pool_size=16777216
sms.__large_pool_size=16777216
sms.__shared_pool_size=385875968
sms.__streams_pool_size=16777216
*._kgl_large_heap_warning_threshold=8388608
*.audit_file_dest='/data/oracle/recovey_archivelog/audit_records'
*.audit_sys_operations=TRUE
*.audit_trail='OS'
*.background_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sms/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_file_record_keep_time=21
*.control_files='/data/oracle/oradata/sms/control01.ctl','/data/oracle/oradata/sms/control02.ctl','/
data/oracle/oradata/sms/control03.ctl'#Restore Controlfile
*.core_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sms/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_file_name_convert='/data/oracle/oradata/sms/','/data/oracle/oradata/sms/'
*.db_flashback_retention_target=4320
*.db_name='sms'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/data/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=85899345920
*.db_unique_name='sms'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=smsXDB)'
*.fal_client='STANDBY'
*.fal_server='PRIMARY'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(sms,smsdg)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/data/oracle/recovey_archivelog/archivelog'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=primary LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)db_unique_name=smsdg'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_max_processes=10
*.log_file_name_convert='/data/oracle/oradata/sms/','/data/oracle/oradata/sms/'
*.open_cursors=1500
*.open_links=10
*.pga_aggregate_target=1258291200
*.processes=1000
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.resource_limit=TRUE
*.session_cached_cursors=100
*.sessions=1105
*.sga_max_size=5452595200
*.sga_target=5251268608
*.shared_servers=0
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sms/udump'

四、在从库上建好相应的目录，免得出现找不到目录的错误

五、在主库上单独备份control文件(**必须的**)，备份整个数据库和需要的归档日志文件，拷贝到从库的相同目录下，目录不同就不好使

--备份控制文件
RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby format '/data/rman_backup/control_new.ctl';

RMAN> sql "alter system switch logfile"; 
 
 --压缩备份数据库(局域网可以不用压缩备份)：
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database format '/data/rman_backup/2_%T_%U.bak' plus archivelog;

--可以分开备份归档日志，因为会自动备份到闪回区里面

RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database format '/data/rman_backup/full_%T_%U.bak';

  *****备份所有归档日志
RMAN> backup archivelog all   format '/data/rman_backup/archive_%T_%U.bak';   

  *****备份最近一天的归档日志
RMAN> backup archivelog from time "sysdate-1" until time "sysdate" format ='/data/rman_backup/archivelog_%T_%U.bak' ;

六、拷贝init参数文件和远程密码文件到从库
从库启动到nomount状态

SQL> conn /as sysdba

SQL> startup nomount

七、在主库用RMAN执行连接主库和从库的操作

RMAN> connect catalog rman/*****

RMAN> connect target /    (远程连主库则 connect targetrman/***@primary)

RMAN> connect auxiliary sys/******@standby  (用sys用户连接)

八、执行命令：

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby dorecover;

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby dorecover nofilenamecheck;

如果主库和从库的目录一模一样则加上nofilenamecheck，否则报错如下：
  RMAN-05001: auxiliary filename /data/oracle/oradata/sms/develptbs01.dbf conflicts with a file used by the target database