使用java.net进行Android和服务器信息交互

Android应用程序和服务器进行信息交换，本质上和浏览器与服务器交互是一样的，都是客户端向服务器发出一个请求，服务器对请求进行处理，最后向客户端相应请求。

请求和回应都是以流（stream）的形式进行传递的。

客户端和服务器要对流分别进行加工处理。

 

使用java.net(标准的java接口)来实现Android应用程序同服务器之间的信息交互。

 

请求流：DataOutputStream

 

URL----àHttpURLConnection--à DataOutputStream

 

响应流：InputStream

 

URL----àHttpURLConnection--à InputStream

 

详细步骤如下：

 

1、  连接字符串

String httpURLString ="http://172.16.5.36:8080/AndroidConnectionTest/servlet/g1";

2、  创建URL

url=new URL(httpURLString);

3、  创建连接

HttpURLConnection urlConn =(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

4、  设置连接(post请求需要这样设置，get不需要，即此步可省略)

 

//因为这个是post请求,设立需要设置为true

    urlConn.setDoOutput(true);

    urlConn.setDoInput(true);

    // 设置以POST方式

    urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST");

    // Post 请求不能使用缓存

    urlConn.setUseCaches(false);

    urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);

// 配置本次连接的Content-type，配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded的          urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

// 连接，从postUrl.openConnection()至此的配置必须要在connect之前完成，

// 要注意的是connection.getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect。

urlConn.connect(); 

       

5、  创建请求输出流

DataOutputStream out=new DataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream());

 

6、  在请求输出流中添加数据

 

//要上传的参数

String content="id="+URLEncoder.encode(id,"gb2312");

//上可以简写为：String content = "name=gyf" ;

//将要上传的内容写入流中

out.writeBytes(content);

content ="&name="+URLEncoder.encode(name,"gb2312");

out.writeBytes(content);

//刷新、关闭

out.flush();//此步非常中，流是以块的形式传递的，每个块有固定的大小，只有当块满时，此块才会发送出去，采用flush（）时，不论块是否满都发送出去

out.close();

7、  对响应输入流进行处理

//获取数据

 

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(

new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()));

String inputLine = null;

//使用循环来读取获得的数据

while (((inputLine = reader.readLine()) != null))

{

//我们在每一行后面加上一个"/n"来换行

result += inputLine + "/n";

}         

reader.close();

//关闭http连接

urlConn.disconnect();

8、  设置Android的权限

在AndoridManifest.xml中设置

添加的标签如下：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>

其他权限设置详见我的csdn博客gyflyx

9、  OK

 

代码完整如下：

 

public class g3 extends Activity {

      @Override

      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

                    setContentView(R.layout.g2);

                    textView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.g2_textView1);

                    String httpUri="http://172.16.5.36:8080/AndroidConnectionTest/servlet/g1";

                    String result="";

                    URL url=null;

                    try {

                                  url=new URL(httpUri);

                    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

                                  // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                                  e.printStackTrace();

                    }

                    if(url!=null){

                                  try {

                                                // 使用HttpURLConnection打开连接

                                                HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

                                                //因为这个是post请求,设立需要设置为true

                                                urlConn.setDoOutput(true);

                                                urlConn.setDoInput(true);

                            // 设置以POST方式

                                                urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST");

                            // Post 请求不能使用缓存

                                                urlConn.setUseCaches(false);

                                                urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);

                            // 配置本次连接的Content-type，配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded的

                                                urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

                            // 连接，从postUrl.openConnection()至此的配置必须要在connect之前完成，

                            // 要注意的是connection.getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect。

                                                urlConn.connect();

                                                //DataOutputStream流

                                               

                            DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream());

                            //要上传的参数

                            String content = "name=gyf" ;

                            //将要上传的内容写入流中

                            out.writeBytes(content);

                           

                            content="&wife="+URLEncoder.encode("lyx","gb2312");

                            out.writeBytes(content);

                            //刷新、关闭

                            out.flush();

                            out.close();

                            //获取数据

                            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()));

                                                String inputLine = null;

                                                //使用循环来读取获得的数据

                                                while (((inputLine = reader.readLine()) != null))

                                                {

                                                              //我们在每一行后面加上一个"/n"来换行

                                                              result += inputLine + "/n";

                                                }                            

                                                reader.close();

                                                //关闭http连接

                                                urlConn.disconnect();

                                                //设置显示取得的内容

                                                if ( result != null )

                                                {

                                                              textView.setText(result);

                                                }

                                                else

                                                {

                                                              textView.setText("读取的内容为NULL");

                                                }

                                  } catch (Exception e) {

                                                // TODO: handle exception

                                  }

                    }

                   

      }

      private TextView textView;

 

}