mysql

下载MySQL
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
URL transformed to HTTPS due to an HSTS policy
--2021-04-28 06:55:22--  https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11
正在连接 dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置:https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm [跟随至新的 URL]
--2021-04-28 06:55:24--  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.1.245.43
正在连接 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.1.245.43|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:26024 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm”

mysql80-community-relea 100%[===============================>]  25.41K  --.-KB/s  用时 0s      

2021-04-28 06:55:25 (202 MB/s) - 已保存 “mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm” [26024/26024])


安装MySQL的安装工具
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
警告:mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql80-community-release-el7-3  ################################# [100%]


此时默认装的是MySQL8.0,我们需要的是MySQL5.7,需要对配置进行更改
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim mysql-community.repo
                                                                                              //进入文件之后对配置进行更改。
# Enable to use MySQL 5.7
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1                                                                                      //[mysql57 - community]下的enabled=0改为1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0                                                                                       //[mysql80 - community]下的enabled=1改为0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

安装MySQL


[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum module disable mysql
MySQL 5.7 Community Server                                      106 kB/s | 2.2 MB     00:21    
MySQL Connectors Community                                       23 kB/s | 107 kB     00:04    
MySQL Tools Community                                            35 kB/s | 630 kB     00:18    
依赖关系解决。
================================================================================================
 软件包                架构                 版本                    仓库                   大小
================================================================================================
禁用模块:
 mysql                                                                                         

事务概要
================================================================================================

确定吗?[y/N]: y
完毕!
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
上次元数据过期检查:0:00:24 前,执行于 2021年04月28日 星期三 06时57分32秒。
依赖关系解决。
================================================================================================
 软件包                      架构        版本                      仓库                    大小
================================================================================================
安装:
 mysql-community-server      x86_64      5.7.34-1.el7              mysql57-community      173 M
安装依赖关系:
 mysql-community-client      x86_64      5.7.34-1.el7              mysql57-community       25 M
 mysql-community-common      x86_64      5.7.34-1.el7              mysql57-community      310 k
 mysql-community-libs        x86_64      5.7.34-1.el7              mysql57-community      2.4 M
 ncurses-compat-libs         x86_64      6.1-7.20180224.el8        baseos                 331 k

事务概要
================================================================================================
安装  5 软件包

总下载:202 M
安装大小:876 M
下载软件包:
(1/5): ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64.rpm        865 kB/s | 331 kB     00:00    
(2/5): mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm           1.9 MB/s |  25 MB     00:13    
(3/5): mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm            16 kB/s | 310 kB     00:19    
(4/5): mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm           2.3 MB/s | 173 MB     01:15    
(5/5): mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm             8.4 kB/s | 2.4 MB     04:49    
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                            712 kB/s | 202 MB     04:50     
警告:/var/cache/dnf/mysql57-community-65b9ecb4cc6a2553/packages/mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
MySQL 5.7 Community Server                                       27 MB/s |  27 kB     00:00    
导入 GPG 公钥 0x5072E1F5:
 Userid: "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
 指纹: A4A9 4068 76FC BD3C 4567 70C8 8C71 8D3B 5072 E1F5
 来自: /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
导入公钥成功
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
  准备中  :                                                                                 1/1 
  安装    : mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                      1/5 
  安装    : mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                        2/5 
  运行脚本: mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                        2/5 
  安装    : ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64                                   3/5 
  安装    : mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                      4/5 
  运行脚本: mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                      5/5 
  安装    : mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                      5/5 
  运行脚本: mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                      5/5 
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/mysql.conf:23] Line references path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/mysqld → /run/mysqld; please update the tmpfiles.d/ drop-in file accordingly.

  验证    : ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64                                   1/5 
  验证    : mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                      2/5 
  验证    : mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                      3/5 
  验证    : mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                        4/5 
  验证    : mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                      5/5 
Installed products updated.

已安装:
  mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64       mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64   
  mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64         mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64   
  ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64   

完毕!

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
上次元数据过期检查:0:08:44 前,执行于 2021年04月28日 星期三 06时57分32秒。
软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕!

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-04-28 07:06:35 EDT; 6s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 132597 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid >
  Process: 132377 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 132599 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27 (limit: 11070)
   Memory: 280.0M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─132599 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

4月 28 07:06:29 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...

查看临时密码:

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-04-28T11:06:32.738686Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: eyL=lusdq2y7

配置

设置开机自启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-04-28 08:11:32 EDT; 1min 35s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
 Main PID: 2067 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27 (limit: 11070)
   Memory: 167.6M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─2067 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

4月 28 08:10:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
4月 28 08:11:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.


确保3306端口监听起来
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q         Local Address:Port         Peer Address:Port    Process    
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:111               0.0.0.0:*                  
LISTEN     0          32             192.168.122.1:53                0.0.0.0:*                  
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:22                0.0.0.0:*                  
LISTEN     0          5                  127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                  
LISTEN     0          80                         *:3306                    *:*                  
LISTEN     0          128                     [::]:111                  [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0          128                     [::]:22                   [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0          5                      [::1]:631                  [::]:*  


找出临时密码
[root@localhost ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-04-28T11:06:32.738686Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: eyL=lusdq2y7

用临时密码登录
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.34

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

修改登录密码
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'huangfang123!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)


mysql工具使用

//语法:mysql [OPTIONS] [database]
//常用的OPTIONS:
    -uUSERNAME      //指定用户名,默认为root
    -hHOST          //指定服务器主机,默认为localhost,推荐使用ip地址
    -pPASSWORD      //指定用户的密码
    -P#             //指定数据库监听的端口,这里的#需用实际的端口号代替,如-P3307
    -V              //查看当前使用的mysql版本
    -e          //不登录mysql执行sql语句后退出,常用于脚本

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.34, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -phuangfang123! -e 'show databases;'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -phuangfang123!
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 5.7.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> quit
Bye

数据库操作

//创建数据库
//语法:CREATE DATABASE [IF NOT EXISTS] 'DB_NAME';
mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS huang;                    //创建数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;                                                                  //查看当前实例有哪些数据库
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| huang              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)


//删除数据库
//语法:DROP DATABASE [IF EXISTS] 'DB_NAME';
//删除数据库
mysql> DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS huang;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

表操作

//创建表
//语法:CREATE TABLE table_name (col1 datatype 修饰符,col2 datatype 修饰符) ENGINE='存储引擎类型';
mysql> CREATE DATABASE huang;                     //创建数据库huang
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use huang                                  //进入huang数据库
Database changed 
mysql> use huang;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE huang (id int NOT NULL,name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,age tinyint);                  //创建huang表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> CREATE TABLE huangf (id int NOT NULL,name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,age tinyint);                       //创建huangf表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SHOW TABLES;                       //查看当前数据库有哪些表
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_huang |
+-----------------+
| huang           |
| huangf          |
+-----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//删除表
//语法:DROP TABLE [ IF EXISTS ] 'table_name';
mysql>  DROP TABLE huang;                            //删除huang表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW TABLES;                                   //查看当前数据库有哪些表
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_huang |
+-----------------+
| huangf          |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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