c++primer plus第六版
String.h:
#include <iostream>
class String
{
private:
char* str;
int len;
static int num_strings;
static const int LIMITE = 40;
static const char temp;
public:
String();//默认构造函数
String(const String&);//用对象初始化
String(const char*);//用字符串初始化
String(std::string s);
friend bool operator>(const String& st1, const String& st2);//比较两个字符串大小
friend bool operator<(const String& st1, const String& st2);//比较两个字符串大小
friend bool operator==(const String& st1, const String& st2);//比较是否相等
String& operator=(const String st)
{
if (this == &st)
return *this;
delete[] str;
len = st.len;
str = new char[len + 1];
strcpy_s(str, len + 1, st.str);
return *this;
}
String& operator=(const char* s)
{
delete[] str;
len = strlen(s);
str = new char[len + 1];
strcpy_s(str, len + 1, s);
return *this;
}
String& operator =(char* s)
{
delete[] str;
len = strlen(s);
str = new char[len + 1];
strcpy_s(str, len + 1, s);
return *this;
}
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, String& st)//用于输出
{
os << st.str;
return os;
}
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& os, String& st)//输入
{
char temp[String::LIMITE];
os.get(temp, String::LIMITE);
if (os)
st = temp;
while (os && os.get() != '\n')
continue;
return os;
}
void Stringlow();
void Stringup();
friend char* operator+(const char* s,String& st)
{
char* temp;
temp = new char[st.len + strlen(s) + 1];
strcpy_s(temp, strlen(s) + 1, s);
strcat_s(temp, st.len + strlen(s) + 1, st.str);
return temp;
}
friend char* operator+(String& st, const char* s)
{
char* temp;
temp = new char[st.len + strlen(s) + 1];
strcpy_s(temp, st.len + 1, st.str);
strcat_s(temp, st.len + strlen(s) + 1, s);
return temp;
}
char* operator+(String& s)
{
char* temp;
temp = new char[len + s.len + 1];
strcpy_s(temp, len + 1, str);
strcat_s(temp, len + s.len + 1, s.str);
return temp;
}
char& operator[](int i)
{
return str[i];
}
const char& operator[](int i)const
{
return str[i];
}
static int HowMany();//展示此时存在的对象数量
int has(char s);//展示该字符串中存在的某个字符数量
~String();
};
main.cpp:
// ConsoleApplication1.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include "String.h"
int String::num_strings = 0;
String::String()
{
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
len = 0;
num_strings++;
}
int String::HowMany()
{
return num_strings;
}
String::String(const char *s)
{
len = strlen(s);
str = new char[len+1];
strcpy_s(str,len+1, s);
num_strings++;
}
String::String(const String& s)
{
len = strlen(s.str);
str = new char[len + 1];
strcpy_s(str, len + 1, s.str);
num_strings++;
}
bool operator==(const String& st1, const String& st2)
{
return(strcmp(st1.str, st2.str) == 0);
}
bool operator>(const String& st1, const String& st2)
{
return (strcmp(st1.str, st2.str) > 0);
}
bool operator<(const String& st1, const String& st2)
{
return (strcmp(st1.str, st2.str) < 0);
}
String::~String()
{
delete[] str;
--num_strings;
}
void String::Stringlow()
{
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
if (str[i] <= 'Z' && str[i] >= 'A')
str[i] = str[i] - ('A' - 'a');
}
}
void String::Stringup()
{
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
if (str[i] <= 'z' && str[i] >= 'a')
str[i] = str[i] + ('A' - 'a');
}
}
int String::has(char s)
{
int res = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
if (str[i] == s)
res++;
}
return res;
}
int main()
{
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
String s1(" and I am a C++ student.");
String s2 = "Please enter your name: ";
String s3;
cout << s2;
cin >> s3;
s2 = "My name is " + s3;
cout << s2 << ".\n";
s2 = s2 + s1;
s2.Stringup();
cout << "The string\n" << s2 << "\ncontains " << s2.has('A') << " 'A' characters in it\n";
s1 = "red";
String rgb[3] = { String(s1),String("green"),String("blue") };
cout << "Enter the name of a primary color for mixing light: ";
String ans;
bool success = false;
while (cin >> ans)
{
ans.Stringlow();
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
if (ans == rgb[i])
{
cout << "That's right!\n";
success = true;
break;
}
}
if (success)
break;
else
cout << "Try again!\n";
}
cout << "Bye\n";
return 0;
}