java 并发之Synchronize关键字和可重入锁lock

Synchronize关键字和可重入锁lock

JDK6.0 优化后这俩的性能已经差不多了。

不同点：

1. lock 申请锁时可以限制申请时间，可以设置为申请到锁后响应中断（可以用于处理死锁问题），也可以设置为公平锁。
2. Synchronize 配合Object的wait()、notify()。可重入锁配合Condition条件。

注意点：
加锁不要对不可变类对象加锁，对这些对象加锁并操作（更改）时，锁会失效。

Synchronize关键字配合Object的wait()、notify()

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @author: Mr.Hu
 */
public class Main implements Runnable{
    static Object object=new Object();
    private static Lock lock=new ReentrantLock();
    private static Condition condition=lock.newCondition();
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        Main main=new Main();
        Future future=threadPool.submit(main);  //接收future 否则线程错误无法发现
        System.out.println("条件满足");
        Thread.sleep(1000);     //等待线程运行到wait
        synchronized (object){          //wait 也要先获得对象锁
            object.notify();
        }
        future.get();
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized (object){      //类似Condition 先获得锁再操作
            try {
                object.wait();
                System.out.println("goOn");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    }
}

重入锁搭档：Condition条件

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @author: Mr.Hu
 */
public class Main implements Runnable{

    private static Lock lock=new ReentrantLock();
    private static Condition condition=lock.newCondition();
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        Main main=new Main();
        Future future=threadPool.submit(main);  //接收future 否则线程错误无法发现
        System.out.println("条件满足");
        Thread.sleep(1000);     //等待线程运行到condition
        lock.lock();
        condition.signal();     //通知condition要先持有相关重入锁
        lock.unlock();
        future.get();
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            lock.lock();
            condition.await();          //condition 配合可重入锁  await()会释放当前的锁，signal()方法会重新获得锁并继续执行
            lock.unlock();
            System.out.println("goOn");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}