前言
之前敲代码的时候,避免不了各种try…catch, 如果业务复杂一点, 就会发现全都是try…catch
try{
..........
}catch(Exception1 e){
..........
}catch(Exception2 e){
...........
}catch(Exception3 e){
...........
}
这样其实代码既不简洁好看 ,我们敲着也烦, 一般我们可能想到用拦截器去处理, 但是既然现在Spring这么火,AOP大家也不陌生, 那么Spring一定为我们想好了这个解决办法.果然:
@ExceptionHandler
源码
//该注解作用对象为方法
@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
//在运行时有效
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface ExceptionHandler {
//value()可以指定异常类
Class<? extends Throwable>[] value() default {};
}
@ControllerAdvice
源码
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
//bean对象交给spring管理生成
@Component
public @interface ControllerAdvice {
@AliasFor("basePackages")
String[] value() default {};
@AliasFor("value")
String[] basePackages() default {};
Class<?>[] basePackageClasses() default {};
Class<?>[] assignableTypes() default {};
Class<? extends Annotation>[] annotations() default {};
}
从名字上可以看出大体意思是控制器增强
所以结合上面我们可以知道,使用@ExceptionHandler,可以处理异常, 但是仅限于当前Controller中处理异常, @ControllerAdvice可以配置basePackage下的所有controller. 所以结合两者使用,就可以处理全局的异常了.
一、代码
这里需要声明的是,这个统一异常处理类,也是基于ControllerAdvice,也就是控制层切面的,如果是过滤器抛出的异常,不会被捕获!!!
在@ControllerAdvice注解下的类,里面的方法用@ExceptionHandler注解修饰的方法,会将对应的异常交给对应的方法处理。
@ExceptionHandler({IOException.class})
public Result handleException(IOExceptione) {
log.error("[handleException] ", e);
return ResultUtil.failureDefaultError();
}
比如这个,就是捕获IO异常并处理。
废话不多说,代码:
package com.zgd.shop.core.exception;
import com.zgd.shop.core.error.ErrorCache;
import com.zgd.shop.core.result.Result;
import com.zgd.shop.core.result.ResultUtil;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException;
import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.method.annotation.MethodArgumentTypeMismatchException;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException;
import javax.validation.ValidationException;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* GlobalExceptionHandle
* 全局的异常处理
*
* @author zgd
* @date 2019/7/19 11:01
*/
@ControllerAdvice
@ResponseBody
@Slf4j
public class GlobalExceptionHandle {
/**
* 请求参数错误
*/
private final static String BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE = "BASE-PARAM-01";
private final static String BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG = "参数校验不通过";
/**
* 无效的请求
*/
private final static String BASE_BAD_REQUEST_ERR_CODE = "BASE-PARAM-02";
private final static String BASE_BAD_REQUEST_ERR_MSG = "无效的请求";
/**
* 顶级的异常处理
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)
@ExceptionHandler({Exception.class})
public Result handleException(Exception e) {
log.error("[handleException] ", e);
return ResultUtil.failureDefaultError();
}
/**
* 自定义的异常处理
*
* @param ex
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)
@ExceptionHandler({BizServiceException.class})
public Result serviceExceptionHandler(BizServiceException ex) {
String errorCode = ex.getErrCode();
String msg = ex.getErrMsg() == null ? "" : ex.getErrMsg();
String innerErrMsg;
String outerErrMsg;
if (BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE.equalsIgnoreCase(errorCode)) {
innerErrMsg = "参数校验不通过:" + msg;
outerErrMsg = BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG;
} else if (ex.isInnerError()) {
innerErrMsg = ErrorCache.getInternalMsg(errorCode);
outerErrMsg = ErrorCache.getMsg(errorCode);
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(msg)) {
innerErrMsg = innerErrMsg + "," + msg;
outerErrMsg = outerErrMsg + "," + msg;
}
} else {
innerErrMsg = msg;
outerErrMsg = msg;
}
log.info("【错误码】:{},【错误码内部描述】:{},【错误码外部描述】:{}", errorCode, innerErrMsg, outerErrMsg);
return ResultUtil.failure(errorCode, outerErrMsg);
}
/**
* 缺少servlet请求参数抛出的异常
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler({MissingServletRequestParameterException.class})
public Result handleMissingServletRequestParameterException(MissingServletRequestParameterException e) {
log.warn("[handleMissingServletRequestParameterException] 参数错误: " + e.getParameterName());
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE, BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG);
}
/**
* 请求参数不能正确读取解析时,抛出的异常,比如传入和接受的参数类型不一致
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)
@ExceptionHandler({HttpMessageNotReadableException.class})
public Result handleHttpMessageNotReadableException(HttpMessageNotReadableException e) {
log.warn("[handleHttpMessageNotReadableException] 参数解析失败:", e);
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE, BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG);
}
/**
* 请求参数无效抛出的异常
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler({MethodArgumentNotValidException.class})
public Result handleMethodArgumentNotValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
BindingResult result = e.getBindingResult();
String message = getBindResultMessage(result);
log.warn("[handleMethodArgumentNotValidException] 参数验证失败:" + message);
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE, BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG);
}
private String getBindResultMessage(BindingResult result) {
FieldError error = result.getFieldError();
String field = error != null ? error.getField() : "空";
String code = error != null ? error.getDefaultMessage() : "空";
return String.format("%s:%s", field, code);
}
/**
* 方法请求参数类型不匹配异常
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler({MethodArgumentTypeMismatchException.class})
public Result handleMethodArgumentTypeMismatchException(MethodArgumentTypeMismatchException e) {
log.warn("[handleMethodArgumentTypeMismatchException] 方法参数类型不匹配异常: ", e);
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE, BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG);
}
/**
* 请求参数绑定到controller请求参数时的异常
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler({BindException.class})
public Result handleHttpMessageNotReadableException(BindException e) {
BindingResult result = e.getBindingResult();
String message = getBindResultMessage(result);
log.warn("[handleHttpMessageNotReadableException] 参数绑定失败:" + message);
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE, BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG);
}
/**
* javax.validation:validation-api 校验参数抛出的异常
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler({ConstraintViolationException.class})
public Result handleServiceException(ConstraintViolationException e) {
Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> violations = e.getConstraintViolations();
ConstraintViolation<?> violation = violations.iterator().next();
String message = violation.getMessage();
log.warn("[handleServiceException] 参数验证失败:" + message);
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE, BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG);
}
/**
* javax.validation 下校验参数时抛出的异常
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler({ValidationException.class})
public Result handleValidationException(ValidationException e) {
log.warn("[handleValidationException] 参数验证失败:", e);
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_PARAM_ERR_CODE, BASE_PARAM_ERR_MSG);
}
/**
* 不支持该请求方法时抛出的异常
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED)
@ExceptionHandler({HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class})
public Result handleHttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException e) {
log.warn("[handleHttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException] 不支持当前请求方法: ", e);
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_BAD_REQUEST_ERR_CODE, BASE_BAD_REQUEST_ERR_MSG);
}
/**
* 不支持当前媒体类型抛出的异常
*
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE)
@ExceptionHandler({HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException.class})
public Result handleHttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException(HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException e) {
log.warn("[handleHttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException] 不支持当前媒体类型: ", e);
return ResultUtil.failure(BASE_BAD_REQUEST_ERR_CODE, BASE_BAD_REQUEST_ERR_MSG);
}
}
至于返回值,就可以理解为controller层方法的返回值,可以返回@ResponseBody,或者页面。我这里是一个@ResponseBody的Result<>,前后端分离。
我们也可以自己根据需求,捕获更多的异常类型。
包括我们自定义的异常类型。比如:
package com.zgd.shop.core.exception;
import lombok.Data;
/**
* BizServiceException
* 业务抛出的异常
* @author zgd
* @date 2019/7/19 11:04
*/
@Data
public class BizServiceException extends RuntimeException{
private String errCode;
private String errMsg;
private boolean isInnerError;
public BizServiceException(){
this.isInnerError=false;
}
public BizServiceException(String errCode){
this.errCode =errCode;
this.isInnerError = false;
}
public BizServiceException(String errCode,boolean isInnerError){
this.errCode =errCode;
this.isInnerError = isInnerError;
}
public BizServiceException(String errCode,String errMsg){
this.errCode =errCode;
this.errMsg = errMsg;
this.isInnerError = false;
}
public BizServiceException(String errCode,String errMsg,boolean isInnerError){
this.errCode =errCode;
this.errMsg = errMsg;
this.isInnerError = isInnerError;
}
}