Oracle导出、导入

需求：
从102数据库导出库，恢复到用户的服务器，步骤如下：

1、导出数据库

su - oracle
exp census/oracle@orcl   BUFFER=64000 FILE=/tmp/centest20180719.DMP OWNER=census

导出报错：

ORA-00904: "DBMS_JAVA"."LONGNAME": invalid identifier

解决：

grant execute on DBMS_JAVA to dba;

2、删除用户

sqlplus / as sysdba
sqlplus census/oracle@1.2.3.4/orcl(带IP的登陆方式)

drop user CENSUS cascade;   

（1）如果删除用户报错：

SQL> select status,username,sid,serial# from v$session  where USERNAME='CENSUS';
STATUS    USERNAME       SID    SERIAL#
---------- ----------
INACTIVE  CENSUS        3634      30640

SQL> alter system  kill session'3634,30640';

System altered.

//成功删除session的user后，再继续:
drop  user CENSUS cascade;

3、删除表空间

DROP TABLESPACE ECONOMIC_CENSUS  INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;

4、创建表空间

#（1）建表空间之前要先看下别的数据都在哪儿放的，看看别的表空间
#查看所有表空间
SELECT tablespace_name, file_id, file_name, round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space FROM dba_data_files    ORDER BY tablespace_name; 
--------------------
/data/ORACLEDATA/oradata/orcl/CENSUS.DMP

#（2）创建表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE ECONOMIC_CENSUS  DATAFILE  '/data/ORACLEDATA/oradata/orcl/CENSUS.DMP' SIZE 100m autoextend on;
chown -R oracle:oinstall   /data/ORACLEDATA

5、创建用户、授权

create user CENSUS identified by oracle default tablespace ECONOMIC_CENSUS;
grant connect,resource, dba,imp_full_database,exp_full_database   to  census;

6、导入：

imp CENSUS/oracle@1.2.3.4/orcl BUFFER=64000 FILE=/home/oracle/centest20180719.DMP  full=y  ignore=y

（1）导入的时候报错：

IMP-00058: ORACLE error 6550 encountered
ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:
PLS-00201: identifier 'SYS.DBMS_EXPORT_EXTENSION' must be declared

GRANT EXECUTE ON SYS.DBMS_EXPORT_EXTENSION TO census;
再重新导入就好了

7、关于监听
一般这三个文件设置监听：
listener.ora
sqlnet.ora
tnsnames.ora
重启监听、并用系统用户登录

lsnrctl stop
lsnctl  start
 [oracle@localhost admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@orcl