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本文转发自Jason’s Blog,原文链接 http://www.jasongj.com/java/multi_thread/
sleep和wait到底什么区别
其实这个问题应该这么问——sleep和wait有什么相同点。因为这两个方法除了都能让当前线程暂停执行完,几乎没有其它相同点。
wait方法是Object类的方法,这意味着所有的Java类都可以调用该方法。sleep方法是Thread类的静态方法。
wait是在当前线程持有wait对象锁的情况下,暂时放弃锁,并让出CPU资源,并积极等待其它线程调用同一对象的notify或者notifyAll方法。注意,即使只有一个线程在等待,并且有其它线程调用了notify或者notifyAll方法,等待的线程只是被激活,但是它必须得再次获得锁才能继续往下执行。换言之,即使notify被调用,但只要锁没有被释放,原等待线程因为未获得锁仍然无法继续执行。测试代码如下所示
import java.util.Date;
public class Wait {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread thread1 = new Thread(() -> {
synchronized (Wait.class) {
try {
System.out.println(new Date() + " Thread1 is running");
Wait.class.wait();
System.out.println(new Date() + " Thread1 ended");
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
thread1.start();
Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
synchronized (Wait.class) {
try {
System.out.println(new Date() + " Thread2 is running");
Wait.class.notify();
// Don't use sleep method to avoid confusing
for(long i = 0; i < 200000; i++) {
for(long j = 0; j < 100000; j++) {}
}
System.out.println(new Date() + " Thread2 release lock");
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
for(long i = 0; i < 200000; i++) {
for(long j = 0; j < 100000; j++) {}
}
System.out.println(new Date() + " Thread2 ended");
});
// Don't use sleep method to avoid confusing
for(long i = 0; i < 200000; i++) {
for(long j = 0; j < 100000; j++) {}
}
thread2.start();
}
}
执行结果如下
Tue Jun 14 22:51:11 CST 2016 Thread1 is running
Tue Jun 14 22:51:23 CST 2016 Thread2 is running
Tue Jun 14 22:51:36 CST 2016 Thread2 release lock
Tue Jun 14 22:51:36 CST 2016 Thread1 ended
Tue Jun 14 22:51:49 CST 2016 Thread2 ended
从运行结果可以看出
- thread1执行wait后,暂停执行
- thread2执行notify后,thread1并没有继续执行,因为此时thread2尚未释放锁,thread1因为得不到锁而不能继续执行
- thread2执行完synchronized语句块后释放锁,thread1得到通知并获得锁,进而继续执行
注意:wait方法需要释放锁,前提