反射例子

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-16 09:00:00 发布

jason_hacker_z

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-16 09:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： java基础文章标签： Java JVM

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定义一个用户，作为被反射对象；

public class User {

    public String     username;
    private String    password;
    public static int age = 12;

    public User(String username, String password) {
        super();
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public User(String username, int age) {
        super();
        this.username = username;
        User.age = age;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public User() {
        super();
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public void talkName(String myName) {
        if (myName != null && myName.length() > 0) {
            System.out.println("myname is " + myName);
        } else {
            System.out.println("myname is " + username);
        }

    }

    public static void talkAge() {
        System.out.println("My age is " + age);
    }
}

写一个反射程序：

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * @author <a href="mailto:zhouxiaofeng0710@hotmail.com">xiaofeng.zhouxf</a>
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2009-4-20
 */
public class ReflectionTest {

    public void fields(Object obj) {
        Class clazz = obj.getClass();
        Field[] fields = clazz.getFields();
        System.out.println("fields;  fields num:" + fields.length);
        for (Field field : fields) {
            System.out.println("fields;  field name:" + field.getName());
            System.out.println("fields;  field modifyers:" + field.getModifiers());
            System.out.println("fields;  只能取到共有的属性!");
        }
    }

    public Object getfield(Object obj, String fieldName) {
        Class clazz = obj.getClass();
        Object object = null;
        try {
            Field field = clazz.getField(fieldName);
            // 取得当前实例的属性
            object = field.get(obj);
            System.out.println("getfield ; field name:" + field.getName());
            System.out.println("getfield ; field value:" + object.toString());
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return object;
    }

    public Object getStatticfield(String className, String fieldName) {
        Class clazz = null;
        try {
            clazz = Class.forName(className);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
        Object object = null;
        try {
            Field field = clazz.getField(fieldName);
            // 取得当前类的属性 因为是取静态的，所以可以直接取，如果不是静态的，会报异常
            // java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
            object = field.get(clazz);
            System.out.println("getStatticfield ; field name:" + field.getName());
            System.out.println("getStatticfield ; field value:" + object.toString());
            System.out.println("getStatticfield ; 取得当前类的属性 因为是取静态的，所以可以直接取，如果不是静态的，会报异常：java.lang.IllegalArgumentException");
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return object;
    }

    public void invokeMethod(Object object, String methodName, Object[] argsParam) {

        try {
            Class clazz = object.getClass();
            Class[] classArgs = new Class[argsParam.length];
            int i = 0;
            for (Object obj : argsParam) {
                classArgs[i++] = obj.getClass();
            }
            Method method = clazz.getMethod(methodName, classArgs);
            method.invoke(object, argsParam);
            System.out.println("invokeMethod ; 调用当前类的方法");
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void invokeStaticMethod(String className, String methodName, Object[] argsParam) {

        try {
            Class clazz = Class.forName(className);
            Class[] classArgs = new Class[argsParam.length];
            int i = 0;
            for (Object obj : argsParam) {
                classArgs[i++] = obj.getClass();
            }
            Method method = clazz.getMethod(methodName, classArgs);
            method.invoke(null, argsParam);
            System.out.println("invokeMethod ; 调用当前类的方法");
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public Object newInstance(String className, Object[] args) {
        Class clazz = null;
        Object resObj = null;
        try {
            clazz = Class.forName(className);

            Class[] cArgs = new Class[args.length];
            int i = 0;
            for (Object obj : args) {
                cArgs[i++] = obj.getClass();
            }
            Constructor cr = clazz.getConstructor(cArgs);
            resObj = cr.newInstance(args);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return resObj;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("Tracy");
        ReflectionTest test = new ReflectionTest();
        System.out.println("=============取属性==================>>>>>");
        test.fields(user);
        System.out.println("=============取实例的属性和值==================>>>>>");
        String username = (String) test.getfield(user, "username");
        System.out.println("getfield ; username:" + username);
        System.out.println("=============取类的静态属性和值==================>>>>>");
        test.getStatticfield("com.zhouxf.reflection.User", "age");
        System.out.println("=============调用类的方法==================>>>>>");
        test.invokeMethod(user, "talkName", new String[] { "Tracy" });
        System.out.println("=============调用类的静态方法==================>>>>>");
        test.invokeStaticMethod("com.zhouxf.reflection.User", "talkAge", new String[] {});
        System.out.println("=============创建实例==================>>>>>");
        User user1 = (User) test.newInstance("com.zhouxf.reflection.User", new Object[] { "tracy", 36 });
        user1.talkName("");
        user1.talkAge();
    }
}

输出结果：

=============取属性==================>>>>>
fields;  fields num:2
fields;  field name:username
fields;  field modifyers:1
fields;  只能取到共有的属性!
fields;  field name:age
fields;  field modifyers:9
fields;  只能取到共有的属性!
=============取实例的属性和值==================>>>>>
getfield ; field name:username
getfield ; field value:Tracy
getfield ; username:Tracy
=============取类的静态属性和值==================>>>>>
getStatticfield ; field name:age
getStatticfield ; field value:12
getStatticfield ; 取得当前类的属性 因为是取静态的，所以可以直接取，如果不是静态的，会报异常：java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
=============调用类的方法==================>>>>>
myname is Tracy
invokeMethod ; 调用当前类的方法
=============调用类的静态方法==================>>>>>
My age is 12
invokeMethod ; 调用当前类的方法
=============创建实例==================>>>>>
java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.zhouxf.reflection.User.<init>(java.lang.String, java.lang.Integer)

这里有几个问题：
1.为什么每次都要把参数组织一边，如

Class[] classArgs = new Class[argsParam.length];
            int i = 0;
            for (Object obj : argsParam) {
                classArgs[i++] = obj.getClass();
            }

2.为什么最后为什么会报错呢

思考下.....

==================================

1> 引用下侯捷对Class的解释：
Class class十分特殊。它和一般classes一样继承自Object，其实体用以表达Java程序运行时的classes和interfaces，也用来表达enum、array、primitive Java types
（boolean, byte, char, short, int, long, float, double）以及关键词void。当一个class被加载，或当加载器（class loader）的defineClass()被JVM调用，JVM 便自动产生一个Class object。

Class[] classArgs = new Class[argsParam.length];
            int i = 0;
            for (Object obj : argsParam) {
                classArgs[i++] = obj.getClass();
            }

循环是对Class对应参数的定义，每一个参数加载后都会是一个Class（不知道是否应该如此理解，如有错误，请指正）；
2.发现age如果为Integer 的话，就可以了

public class User {

    public String         username;
    private String        password;
    public static Integer age = 12;

    public User(String username, String password) {
        super();
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public User(String username, Integer age) {
        super();
        this.username = username;
        User.age = age;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public User() {
        super();
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public void talkName(String myName) {
        if (myName != null && myName.length() > 0) {
            System.out.println("myname is " + myName);
        } else {
            System.out.println("myname is " + username);
        }

    }

    public static void talkAge() {
        System.out.println("My age is " + age);
    }
}

运行结果：

=============创建实例==================>>>>>
myname is tracy
My age is 36

那就是说，构造函数里面，基本类型是不支持反射的；

jason_hacker_z

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反射例子

定义一个用户，作为被反射对象；[code="java"]public class User { public String username; private String password; public static int age = 12; public User(String username, String passwo...
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