springmvc04

AJAX

AJAX = Asynchronous JavaScript and XML（异步的 JavaScript 和 XML）。
AJAX 是一种在无需重新加载整个网页的情况下，能够更新部分网页的技术。
Ajax 不是一种新的编程语言，而是一种用于创建更好更快以及交互性更强的Web应用程序的技术。
在 2005 年，Google 通过其 Google Suggest 使 AJAX 变得流行起来。Google Suggest能够自动帮你完成搜索单词。
Google Suggest 使用 AJAX 创造出动态性极强的 web 界面：当您在谷歌的搜索框输入关键字时，JavaScript 会把这些字符发送到服务器，然后服务器会返回一个搜索建议的列表。
就和国内百度的搜索框一样!
传统的网页(即不用ajax技术的网页)，想要更新内容或者提交一个表单，都需要重新加载整个网页。
使用ajax技术的网页，通过在后台服务器进行少量的数据交换，就可以实现异步局部更新。
使用Ajax，用户可以创建接近本地桌面应用的直接、高可用、更丰富、更动态的Web用户界面。
利用AJAX可以做：

注册时，输入用户名自动检测用户是否已经存在。
登陆时，提示用户名密码错误
删除数据行时，将行ID发送到后台，后台在数据库中删除，数据库删除成功后，在页面DOM中将数据行也删除。
HelloController.java

package controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import pojo.User;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/a1")
    public ModelAndView a1(){
        ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("hello");
        return modelAndView;

    }
   @RequestMapping("/a2")
    public List<User> a2(){
      List userlist =new ArrayList<User>();
      userlist.add(new User("haha",10,"女"));
      userlist.add(new User("hahas",10,"男"));
      return userlist;

   }
    @RequestMapping("/a3")
    public String ajax3(String name,String pwd){
        String msg = "";
        //模拟数据库中存在数据
        if (name!=null){
            if ("admin".equals(name)){
                msg = "OK";
            }else {
                msg = "用户名输入错误";
            }
        }
        if (pwd!=null){
            if ("123456".equals(pwd)){
                msg = "OK";
            }else {
                msg = "密码输入有误";
            }
        }
        return msg; //由于@RestController注解，将msg转成json格式返回
    }


}

User.java

package pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {

    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String sex;

}

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
    <!-- 让Spring MVC不处理静态资源 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <!--
    支持mvc注解驱动
        在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系
        要想使@RequestMapping注解生效
        必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
        和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例
        这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。
        而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入。
     -->

    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                        <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    <!-- 视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!--encodingFilter-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
    </filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--Session过期时间-->
  <session-config>
    <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
  </session-config>
</web-app>

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@page isELIgnored="false"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" id="btn" value="获取数据"/>
<table width="80%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td>姓名</td>
        <td>年龄</td>
        <td>性别</td>
    </tr>
    <tbody id="content">
    </tbody>
</table>

<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script>
<script>

    $(function () {
        $("#btn").click(function() {
            $.post("${pageContext.request.contextPath}/a2",function (data) {
                console.log(data)
                var html="";
                for (var i = 0; i <data.length ; i++) {
                    html+= "<tr>" +
                        "<td>" + data[i].name + "</td>" +
                        "<td>" + data[i].age + "</td>" +
                        "<td>" + data[i].sex + "</td>" +
                        "</tr>"
                }
                $("#content").html(html);
            });
        })
    })
</script>
</body>
</html>

hello.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@page isELIgnored="false"%>
<html>
<head>
  <title>ajax</title>
  <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script>
  <script>

    function a1(){
      $.post({
        url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/a3",
        data:{'name':$("#name").val()},
        success:function (data) {
          if (data.toString()=='OK'){
            $("#userInfo").css("color","green");
          }else {
            $("#userInfo").css("color","red");
          }
          $("#userInfo").html(data);
        }
      });
    }
    function a2(){
      $.post({
        url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/a3",
        data:{'pwd':$("#pwd").val()},
        success:function (data) {
          if (data.toString()=='OK'){
            $("#pwdInfo").css("color","green");
          }else {
            $("#pwdInfo").css("color","red");
          }
          $("#pwdInfo").html(data);
        }
      });
    }

  </script>
</head>
<body>
<p>
  用户名:<input type="text" id="name" onblur="a1()"/>
  <span id="userInfo"></span>
</p>
<p>
  密码:<input type="text" id="pwd" onblur="a2()"/>
  <span id="pwdInfo"></span>
</p>
</body>
</html>

pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>