实例应用：array对象存放GradeBook对象

想要输出以上结果。

使用Gradebook类表示老师所用的一个成绩簿，用来存储和分析学生的成绩。该类把输入的每个成绩分别存储到该类的一个个独立的数据成员中。例如，可以在Grade-Book类中创建数据成员gradel,grade2,…,grade10,来存储10名学生的成绩。但是，这样做的话，对这些成绩进行求和，以及求其平均值的代码会比较麻烦。本题将通过在一个array对象中存储这些成绩来解决这个问题。

//头文件
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<array>
using namespace std;

const size_t students = 10;
class Gradebook
{
public:
	Gradebook(const string&,const array<int,students>&);

	
	void setCoursename(const string&) ;
	string getCoursename() const;

	void displayMessage() const;//打印欢迎信息
	

	int getMin() const;//获取成绩最小值
	int getMax() const;//获取成绩最大值
	double getAverage() const;//获取成绩平均值

	void Process() const;//执行对成绩的操作
	void Distribution() const;//打印成绩条形图
	void output()const;

private:
	string Coursename;
	array<int, students>grades;
};

//类成员函数
#include "Gradebook.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;


Gradebook::Gradebook(const string &name, const array<int, students>&gradesArray)
	:Coursename(name),grades(gradesArray)
{
}

void Gradebook::setCoursename(const string &name)
{
	Coursename = name;
}

string Gradebook::getCoursename() const
{
	return Coursename;
}

void Gradebook::displayMessage()const
{
	cout << "Welcome to the grade book for " << getCoursename() <<"!"<< endl;
}

int Gradebook::getMin() const
{
	int Min_grade = 100;
	for (int grade : grades)
	{
		if (grade < Min_grade)
			Min_grade = grade;

	}

	return Min_grade;
}

int Gradebook::getMax() const
{
	int Max_grade = 0;
	for (int grade : grades)
	{
		if (grade > Max_grade)
			Max_grade = grade;

	}

	return Max_grade;
	return 0;
}

double Gradebook::getAverage() const
{
	double total=0;
	for (double grade : grades)
	{
		
		total += grade;
	}
	double Averagr = total / students;
	return Averagr;
}

void Gradebook::Process() const
{
	displayMessage();
	output();
	cout << "Class average is " << getAverage() << endl;
	cout << "Lowest grade is " << getMin() << endl;
	cout << "Highest grade is " << getMax() << endl;

}

void Gradebook::Distribution() const
{
	cout << "\nGrade distribution:" << endl;

	const size_t frequencySize = 11;
	array<int, frequencySize>frequency = {};
	for (int grade : grades)
	{
		int i = grade / 10;
		++frequency[i];
	}

	for (size_t counter = 0; counter < frequencySize; ++counter) {
		if (0 == counter)
			cout << "0~9: ";
		else if (100 == counter)
			cout << "100:";
		else
		{
			cout << counter * 10 << "~" << counter * 10 - 1 << ":";
		}
	   for (unsigned int stars = 0; stars < frequency[counter]; ++stars) {
				cout << "*";
			}
		
		cout << endl;
	}
}

void Gradebook::output() const
{
	cout << "The grades are" << endl;
	for (size_t student = 0; student < grades.size(); ++student)
	{
		cout << "Student" << setw(2) << student + 1 << ":" << setw(3) << grades[student] << endl;
	}
}

//main函数
#include "Gradebook.h"
#include<array>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	array<int, students>grades = { 88,78,67,68,98,94,92,86,83,93 };
	string Coursename = "C++";
	Gradebook myGradebook(Coursename, grades);
	myGradebook.Process();
	myGradebook.Distribution();

}