在搭建restful工程之前,首先要保证maven工程会搭建,如果不会的,可以参考我的另外两篇博文
http://blog.csdn.net/haishuitian1/article/details/42783757
http://blog.csdn.net/haishuitian1/article/details/42783793
基本的maven工程搭建成功后,就需要将现在的工程搭建成spring restful工程,具体步骤如下:
1.现在创建的仅仅是一个web工程,第一步需要将web工程改造成spring mvc工程。
(1)pom.xml中引入所需要的spring jar包
<!-- spring begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring end -->
(2)web.xml的改造
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--引入spring必须配置的-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 设置dispatchservlet的匹配模式,通过把dispatchservlet映射到/,默认servlet会处理所有的请求,包括静态资源 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 设置编码过滤器 非必须的-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
(3)web.xml中配置了dispatcher后,就需要配置controller了,默认是在dispatcher-servlet.xml中配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<!-- 通过mvc:resources设置静态资源,这样servlet就会处理这些静态资源,而不通过控制器 -->
<!-- 设置不过滤内容,比如:css,jquery,img 等资源文件 -->
<mvc:resources location="/*.html" mapping="/**.html" />
<mvc:resources location="/css/*" mapping="/css/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/js/*" mapping="/js/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/images/*" mapping="/images/**" />
<!-- 添加注解驱动 @controller-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 默认扫描的包路径 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.nust.rest" />
<!-- mvc:view-controller可以在不需要Controller处理request的情况,转向到设置的View -->
<!-- 像下面这样设置,如果请求为/,则不通过controller,而直接解析为/index.jsp -->
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index" />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
<!-- 配置jsp路径前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<!-- 配置URl后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
(4)然后是jsp中新增表单信息
<form action="login">
用户名:<input id="username" name="username" type="text"></input><br>
密 码:<input id="username" name="password" type="password"></input><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
对应的controller是
@Controller
public class RestController
{
@RequestMapping("login") //用来处理前台的login请求
private @ResponseBody String hello(
@RequestParam(value = "username", required = false)String username,
@RequestParam(value = "password", required = false)String password
)
{
return "Hello "+username+",Your password is: "+password;
}
}
和大部分人一样,在搭建的过程中并不是一帆风顺的,其中碰到一个关键性错误问题:
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
很明显是jar包没有找到,我找了好多办法,最后都想手动lib下添加jar包了,但是还是通过这篇博文找到了答案:
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_8ced01900101ba3f.html
2.spring mvc改造成功之后,接下来要改造成restful的形式