设计模式 迭代器模式 Iterator

为聚合对象提供一个对外访问方法而不暴露其内部结构。

基本思想：将对列表的访问和遍历从列表对象中分离出来并放入一个迭代器对象中。迭代器定义了一个访问该列表元素的接口。

迭代器的两个主要方法是：hasNext和next

迭代器模式通过引进超乎响雷和接口的集合，降低了耦合度。

1.书籍Book

public class Book {
    private String name;
    public Book(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}

2.书架接口Aggregate

public interface Aggregate {
    public abstract Iterator iterator();
}

3.书架BookShelf

public class BookShelf implements Aggregate {
    private Book[] books;
    private int last = 0;
    public BookShelf(int maxsize) {
        this.books = new Book[maxsize];
    }
    public Book getBookAt(int index) {
        return books[index];
    }
    public void appendBook(Book book) {
        this.books[last] = book;
        last++;
    }
    public int getLength() {
        return last;
    }
    public Iterator iterator() {
        return new BookShelfIterator(this);
    }
}

4.迭代器接口Interator

public interface Iterator {
    public abstract boolean hasNext();
    public abstract Object next();
}

5.书架迭代器BookShelfIterator

public class BookShelfIterator implements Iterator {
    private BookShelf bookShelf;
    private int index;
    public BookShelfIterator(BookShelf bookShelf) {
        this.bookShelf = bookShelf;
        this.index = 0;
    }
    public boolean hasNext() {
        if (index < bookShelf.getLength()) {
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
    public Object next() {
        Book book = bookShelf.getBookAt(index);
        index++;
        return book;
    }
}

6.主函数Main

import java.util.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookShelf bookShelf = new BookShelf(4);
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Around the World in 80 Days"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Bible"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Cinderella"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Daddy-Long-Legs"));
        Iterator it = bookShelf.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Book book = (Book)it.next();
            System.out.println(book.getName());
        }
    }
}