android的OkHttp使用

一：OkHttp介绍
1：HTTP是现代网络应用的方式。这是我们交换数据和媒体的方式。高效地使用HTTP可以加快加载速度并节省带宽。

OkHttp是默认情况下高效的HTTP客户端：

1. HTTP/2支持允许对同一主机的所有请求共享一个套接字
2. 连接池减少了请求延迟（如果HTTP/2不可用）
3. 透明GZIP缩小了下载大小
4. 响应缓存完全避免了重复请求的网络

2：使用OkHttp很简单。它的请求/响应API是用fluent构建器和不变性设计的。它支持同步阻塞调用和带有回调的异步调用，以上内容来自官网翻译

1. 官网地址：https://github.com/square/okhttp
2. 使用流程：
   创建Request.Builder()的Requset对象
   通过Request得到Call对象：client.newCall(request)
   执行Call:同步使用call.execute()，异步call.enqueue()
   得到Response对象

二：分析
1：OkHttp适用于android5.0+（API级别21+）和java8+。OkHttp由Square公司贡献的一个处理网络请求的开源项目，是Android使用最广泛网络框架。
2：http请求过程是怎末样的?

1. 域名解析（DNS）
2. 解析到ip去建立TCP连接（三次握手）
3. 建立TCP连接后发起http
4. 利用Socket输出流写出Http报文

3：过程
三：效果

四：使用
1：布局activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_get"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="okhttp get 请求" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_post"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="okhttp post 请求" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_post_multipart"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="okhttp post multipart 请求" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_post_json"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="okhttp post json 请求" />

    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_content"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>

2：MainActivity.java代码

package com.hanjie.okhttpretrofit;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.Manifest;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.hanjie.okhttpretrofit.net.INetCallBack;
import com.hanjie.okhttpretrofit.net.OkHttpUtils;

import java.util.HashMap;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button mBtnGet;
    private TextView mTvContent;
    private Button mBtnPost;
    private Button btn_post_multipart;
    private Button btn_post_json;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initView();//初始化控件

        initEvents();//初始化事件
    }

    private void initEvents() {
        mBtnGet.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //发起网络请求
                OkHttpUtils.getInstance().doGet("http://www.imooc.com/api/okhttp/getmethod?username=hyman", new INetCallBack() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(String response) {
                        mTvContent.setText(response);
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onFailed(Throwable ex) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"网络错误",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                });
            }
        });
        mBtnPost.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                HashMap<String,String> params = new HashMap<>();
                params.put("author","hanjie");
                params.put("abc","okhttp");
                OkHttpUtils.getInstance().doPost("http://www.imooc.com/api/okhttp/postmethod", null, new INetCallBack() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(String response) {
                        mTvContent.setText(response);
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onFailed(Throwable ex) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"网络错误",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                });
            }
        });
        btn_post_multipart.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                HashMap<String,String> params = new HashMap<>();
                params.put("author","hanjie");
                params.put("abc","okhttp");
                OkHttpUtils.getInstance().doPostMultiPart("http://www.imooc.com/api/okhttp/postmethod", params, new INetCallBack() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(String response) {
                        mTvContent.setText(response);
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onFailed(Throwable ex) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"网络错误",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                });
            }
        });
        btn_post_json.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                OkHttpUtils.getInstance().doPostJson("http://www.imooc.com/api/okhttp/postjson", "{\"name\":\"hyman\",\"age\":12}", new INetCallBack() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(String response) {
                        mTvContent.setText(response);
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onFailed(Throwable ex) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"网络错误",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                });
            }
        });

    }

    private void initView() {
        mBtnGet=findViewById(R.id.btn_get);
        mTvContent=findViewById(R.id.tv_content);
        mBtnPost=findViewById(R.id.btn_post);
        btn_post_multipart = findViewById(R.id.btn_post_multipart);
        btn_post_json = findViewById(R.id.btn_post_json);
    }
}

3：接口回调类INetCallBack.java

package com.hanjie.okhttpretrofit.net;

public interface INetCallBack {
    void onSuccess(String response);
    void onFailed(Throwable ex );
}

4：网络请求的工具类OkHttpUtils.java

package com.hanjie.okhttpretrofit.net;


import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.util.Log;

import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;

import okhttp3.Call;
import okhttp3.Callback;
import okhttp3.FormBody;
import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.MultipartBody;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;
import okhttp3.Response;
import okhttp3.logging.HttpLoggingInterceptor;

public class OkHttpUtils {
    private Handler mUiHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
    private OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient;
    private OkHttpUtils(){

        HttpLoggingInterceptor logging = new HttpLoggingInterceptor(new HttpLoggingInterceptor.Logger() {
            @Override
            public void log(@NotNull String message) {
                Log.e("hanjie",message);
            }
        });
        logging.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
        mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .addInterceptor(logging)
                .build();

    }
    public static OkHttpUtils sInstance = new OkHttpUtils();
    public static OkHttpUtils getInstance(){
        return sInstance;
    }


    //GET：请求地址http://www.imooc.com/api/okhttp/getmethod?username=hyman&password=123

    public void doGet(String url,INetCallBack callBack) {

        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .build();
        executeRequest(callBack, request);

    }

    public void doPost(String url, HashMap<String,String> params,INetCallBack callBack){

        FormBody requestBody = null;
        FormBody.Builder formBodyBuilder   = new FormBody.Builder();

        if (params!=null){
            for (String param:params.keySet()){
                formBodyBuilder.add(param,params.get(param));
            }
        }


        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .post(formBodyBuilder.build())
                .build();
        executeRequest(callBack, request);
    }
    public void doPostMultiPart(String url, HashMap<String,String> params,INetCallBack callBack){

        MultipartBody.Builder multipartBodyBuilder   = new MultipartBody.Builder();
        multipartBodyBuilder.setType(MultipartBody.FORM);

        if (params!=null){
            for (String param:params.keySet()){
                multipartBodyBuilder.addFormDataPart(param,params.get(param));
            }
        }

        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .post(multipartBodyBuilder.build())
                .build();
        executeRequest(callBack, request);
    }
    public void doPostJson(String url,String jsonStr, INetCallBack callBack){
        MediaType jsonMediaType = MediaType.get("application/json");
        RequestBody requestBody =RequestBody.create(jsonStr,jsonMediaType);
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .post(requestBody)
                .build();
        executeRequest(callBack, request);
    }

    private void executeRequest(INetCallBack callBack, Request request) {
        Call call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request);
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull IOException e) {
                mUiHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        callBack.onFailed(e);
                    }
                });
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull Response response) throws IOException {
                String resStr = null;
                try {
                    resStr = response.body().string();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    mUiHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            callBack.onFailed(e);
                        }
                    });
                    return;
                }
                String finalRespStr = resStr;
                mUiHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        callBack.onSuccess(finalRespStr);
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }
}