day-2-3-5

synchronizedu的底层实现原理

synchronizedu是通过对象内部的一个叫做监视器锁monitor来实现的，监视器锁本质上又是依赖于从操作系统的Mutex Lock互斥锁来实现的，但是这个系统实现的互斥锁在不同线程之间的切换需要从用户态转换到核心态，这个成本很高，状态之间的转换需要耗费大量的时间。而这个时间成本就是Synchronized效率低的原因。所以这种依赖操作系统的Mutex Lock实现的锁才被称之为重量级锁。这也是JDK1.6以后引入偏向锁和轻量级锁的原因。

生产者消费者

生产者与消费者是java并发环境下常见的设计模式，一个线程负责生产数据，一个线程负责消费数据，两个线程同时去操作这个变量，但是这是两个相互互斥的操作。

synchronized

package demo;

import java.util.Date;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Basket basket = new Basket();
		Thread t1 = new Producer(basket);
		Thread t2 = new Consumer(basket);
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
	}
}

class Producer extends Thread {
	private Basket basket;

	public Producer(Basket basket) {
		this.basket = basket;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
			basket.produce(new Date());
		}
	}
}

class Consumer extends Thread {
	private Basket basket;

	public Consumer(Basket basket) {
		this.basket = basket;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
			basket.consume();
	}
}

package demo;

public class Basket {
	private volatile Object obj = null;

	public synchronized void produce(Object obj) {
		while (this.obj != null)
			try {
				this.wait();
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		this.obj = obj;
		this.notifyAll();
		System.out.println("生产了一个对象:" + obj);
	}

	public synchronized void consume() {
		while (this.obj == null)
			try {
				this.wait();
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		System.out.println("消费了一个对象:" + obj);
		this.obj = null;
		this.notifyAll();
	}
}

lock

package demo2;

import java.util.Date;

import demo.Basket;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Basket basket = new Basket();
		Thread t1 = new Producer2(basket);
		Thread t2 = new Consumer2(basket);
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
	}
}

class Producer2 extends Thread {
	private Basket basket;

	public Producer2(Basket basket) {
		this.basket = basket;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
			basket.produce(new Date());
		}
	}
}

class Consumer2 extends Thread {
	private Basket basket;

	public Consumer2(Basket basket) {
		this.basket = basket;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
			basket.consume();
	}
}

package demo2;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class Backet {
	private volatile Object data = null;

	private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	private final Condition condition = lock.newCondition();

	public void produce(Object obj) {
		lock.lock();
		try {
			while (data != null)
				try {
					condition.await();
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			this.data = obj;
			condition.signalAll();
			System.out.println("生产了一个对象:" + obj);
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}

	public void consume() {
		lock.lock();
		try {
			while (data == null)
				try {
					condition.await();
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			System.out.println("消费了一个对象:" + data);
			this.data = null;
			condition.signalAll();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
}