Android studio 文件存储对象与恢复

运行效果：

文件结构：

MainActivity

package cn.edu.sicnu.persondemo;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    ArrayList<Person> persons;
    ArrayAdapter<Person> arrayAdapter;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        persons = new ArrayList<>();
        restore();

        ListView listView = findViewById(R.id.listView);
        arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<Person>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,persons);
        listView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);
//
//        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
//            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},0);
//        }
    }

    public void add(View v){
        EditText editText_name = findViewById(R.id.editText_name);
        EditText editText_age = findViewById(R.id.editText_age);

        Person person = new Person(editText_name.getText().toString(),Integer.parseInt(editText_age.getText().toString()));
        persons.add(person);
        arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        save();
    }

    //外部存储
    public void save(){
        try {

//            File file = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
            File file = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
            Log.d(TAG, "save: "+file.getAbsolutePath());
            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file.getAbsolutePath()+"/persons");
//            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = openFileOutput("persons",MODE_PRIVATE);
            ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOutputStream);

            objectOutputStream.writeObject(persons);

            objectOutputStream.close();
            fileOutputStream.close();

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void restore(){
        try {
//            File file = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
            File file = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file.getAbsolutePath()+"/persons");

//            FileInputStream fileInputStream = openFileInput("persons");
            ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(fileInputStream);

            persons = (ArrayList<Person>) objectInputStream.readObject();

            fileInputStream.close();
            objectInputStream.close();

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


//    public void save(){
//        try {
//            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = openFileOutput("persons",MODE_PRIVATE);
//            ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOutputStream);
//
//            objectOutputStream.writeObject(persons);
//
//            objectOutputStream.close();
//            fileOutputStream.close();
//
//        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        } catch (IOException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }
//    }
//
//    public void restore(){
//        try {
//            FileInputStream fileInputStream = openFileInput("persons");
//            ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(fileInputStream);
//
//            persons = (ArrayList<Person>) objectInputStream.readObject();
//
//            fileInputStream.close();
//            objectInputStream.close();
//
//        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        } catch (IOException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }
//    }
}

Person

package cn.edu.sicnu.persondemo;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Created by liguiyang on 2018/4/24.
 */

public class Person implements Serializable {
    String name;
    int age;

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="cn.edu.sicnu.persondemo.MainActivity"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="81dp">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="2dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:ems="10"
        android:hint="Input your name?"
        android:inputType="textPersonName"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/editText_age"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText_age"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="2dp"
        android:ems="10"
        android:hint="Input your age?"
        android:inputType="textPersonName"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/listView"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText_name" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginBottom="55dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="1dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:onClick="add"
        android:text="add"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/listView"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/editText_age"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listView"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="7dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="7dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/button" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>