Java 锁分离 分段锁

锁分离即采用多个锁。锁分离可以提升性能。

例1：

java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue将队列头取出数据和队尾插入数据对应两个锁，而不是取出数据和插入数据抢占同一个锁。

/** Lock held by take, poll, etc */
private final ReentrantLock takeLock = new ReentrantLock();

/** Lock held by put, offer, etc */
private final ReentrantLock putLock = new ReentrantLock();

例2：

 java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock将读和写各对应一个锁。

public interface ReadWriteLock {
    /**
     * Returns the lock used for reading.
     *
     * @return the lock used for reading
     */
    Lock readLock();

    /**
     * Returns the lock used for writing.
     *
     * @return the lock used for writing
     */
    Lock writeLock();
}

例2：

java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap的锁分离方式是将HashMap分段成多个Segment，每个Segment对应一个锁，即分段锁。