InheritableThreadLocal和TransmittableThreadLocal

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-30 20:33:00 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-06-30 20:33:00 发布 · 376 阅读

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#java

InheritableThreadLocal存在的问题

InheritableThreadLocal提供了子线程继承父线程的ThreadLocal的能力，对于手动创建的线程，可以直接获取父线程中ThreadLocal的内容，彼此之间互不干扰

public class InheriThreadLocalDemo {
    private static final InheritableThreadLocal<String> threadLocal = new InheritableThreadLocal<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        threadLocal.set("main");
        for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
            final int finalI = i;
            new Thread(() -> {
                threadLocal.set(threadLocal.get()+ "->task" + finalI);
                System.out.println(threadLocal.get());
            }).start();
        }
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
    }
}

main->task1
main->task3
main->task2

而如果是线程池的场景，再使用InheritableThreadLocal就会出现问题；
主要是因为线程池中的线程使用完不会销毁，下一次还会继续使用

public class ThreadLocalDemo {
    private static final InheritableThreadLocal<String> threadLocal = new InheritableThreadLocal<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        threadLocal.set("main");
        for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
            final int finalI = i;
            executorService.submit(() -> {
                threadLocal.set(String.format("%s->%s%d", threadLocal.get(), "task", finalI));
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + threadLocal.get());
            });
        }
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

pool-1-thread-2: main->task2
pool-1-thread-1: main->task1
pool-1-thread-1: main->task1->task3

比如上面的例子，我原本是希望每个子线程获取的ThreadLocal值是main；
但是观察pool-1-thread-1这个线程，第二次复用时，获取的ThreadLocal值是main->task1，即保留了上一次set的值

使用TransmittableThreadLocal

github

装饰Runnable

public class TransThreadLocalDemo {
    private static final TransmittableThreadLocal<String> threadLocal = new TransmittableThreadLocal<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        threadLocal.set("main");
        for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
            final int finalI = i;
            executorService.submit(TtlRunnable.get(() -> { // 装饰Runnable
                threadLocal.set(String.format("%s->%s%d", threadLocal.get(), "task", finalI));
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + threadLocal.get());
            }));
        }

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

装饰ExecutorService

public class TransThreadLocalDemo2 {
    private static final TransmittableThreadLocal<String> threadLocal = new TransmittableThreadLocal<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        ExecutorService ttlExecutorService = TtlExecutors.getTtlExecutorService(executorService); // 装饰ExecutorService
        threadLocal.set("main");
        for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
            final int finalI = i;
            ttlExecutorService.submit(() -> {
                threadLocal.set(String.format("%s->%s%d", threadLocal.get(), "task", finalI));
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + threadLocal.get());
            });
        }
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        ttlExecutorService.shutdown();
    }
}

结果符合预期，即使线程复用，也不会互相干扰

pool-1-thread-2: main->task2
pool-1-thread-1: main->task1
pool-1-thread-1: main->task3