在写测试用例的时候,突然很疑惑,为什么我只是加了一个@Test的注解,就能运行一个程序。我们知道,main方法才是一个java程序的起点。那junit4的测试用例是怎么跑起来的呢。
为了解决这个疑惑,我就自己写测试用例debug调试了下。
测试用例如下:
package com.onlyou.olyfinance.remote.base;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;
/**
* 模拟dubbo消费端远程调用进行测试
* Created by cd_huang on 2016/12/26.
*/
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {
"classpath:test/spring/appCtx-dubbo.xml" })
public class BaseServiceTestRemote extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {
@Test
public void testRun() {
System.out.println("run~~~~~~");
}
}
用intellij运行后,在System.out.println("run~~~~~~")处设置断点,然后我们直接看方法调用:
"main@1" prio=5 tid=0x1 nid=NA runnable
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
at com.onlyou.olyfinance.remote.base.BaseServiceTestRemote.testRun(BaseServiceTestRemote.java:16)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-1)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:83)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:119)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:42)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:234)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:74)
程序的起点:at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:74)。
说明是IDE的集成了junit插件,这也是为什么我们没有些main方法为什么能运行程序的原因。
看一下JUnitCore的run()方法:
public Result run(Runner runner) {
Result result = new Result();
RunListener listener = result.createListener();
fNotifier.addFirstListener(listener);
try {
fNotifier.fireTestRunStarted(runner.getDescription());
runner.run(fNotifier);
fNotifier.fireTestRunFinished(result);
} finally {
removeListener(listener);
}
return result;
}
debug
后查看
runner的实际类型是
SpringJUnit4ClassRunner
:
那么,SpringJUnit4ClassRunner这个类是怎么来的。
我们的测试用例的父类是抽象类AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests,源码如下:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@TestExecutionListeners({ DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class, DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class })
public abstract class AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests implements ApplicationContextAware {
...
}
也就是,ide的junit插件在运行时会实例化@RunWith注解对应的类,把测试用例的类和方法的信息附带上。
然后中间有很多的代码,比如去获得@Rule,@Before,@After等Statement配置去实用junit的强大功能。
最终就是通过反射调用我们的测试用例。
由于本人水平有限,没有对junit4做更较真的研究,有兴趣了解更多的人可以看这篇博客:http://www.jianshu.com/p/ad524e211ef3