Qt的QThread、QRunnable和QThreadPool的使用

1.相关描述

随机生产1000个数字，然后进行冒泡排序与快速排序。随机生成类继承QThread类、冒泡排序使用moveToThread方法添加到一个线程中、快速排序类继承QRunnable类，添加到线程池中进行排序。

 2.相关界面

3.相关代码

widget.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include "tgeneratenum.h"
#include "tbubblesort.h"
#include "tquicksort.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QThreadPool>

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    qDebug() << "主线程：" << QThread::currentThread();

    /********************  多线程的使用方法一 ****************/
    TGenerateNum *gen = new TGenerateNum;    // 继承QThread类
    /******************* 多线程的使用方法二 **********************/
    QThread *bubbleThread = new QThread;
    TBubbleSort *bubble = new TBubbleSort;
    bubble->moveToThread(bubbleThread);
    /******************* 多线程的使用方法三 线程池的使用 **********************/
    TQuickSort *quicksort = new TQuickSort;
    QThreadPool::globalInstance()->setMaxThreadCount(10);

    // 按钮的信号槽
    connect(ui->btnStart, &QPushButton::clicked, this, [=](){
        gen->setCnt(10000);
        gen->start();
    });
    // 生成随机数
    connect(gen, &TGenerateNum::sendList, this, [=](QVector<int> list){
        quicksort->setList(list);
        QThreadPool::globalInstance()->start(quicksort);
        bubbleThread->start(); // 开启冒泡排序线程
        for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++){
            ui->listWidgetGenerate->addItem(QString::number(list[i]));
        }
    });
    connect(gen, &TGenerateNum::sendList, bubble, &TBubbleSort::working);

    connect(bubble, &TBubbleSort::sendList, this, [=](QVector<int> list){
        for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++){
            ui->listWidgetBubbleSort->addItem(QString::number(list[i]));
        }
    });

    connect(quicksort, &TQuickSort::sendList, this, [=](QVector<int> list){
        for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++){
            ui->listWidgetQuickSort->addItem(QString::number(list[i]));
        }
    });

    // 释放内存
    connect(this, &Widget::destroyed, this, [=](){
        gen->quit();
        gen->wait();
        gen->deleteLater();

        bubbleThread->quit();
        bubbleThread->wait();
        bubbleThread->deleteLater();
        bubble->deleteLater();

    });
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

生成随机数：

tgeneratenum.h

#ifndef TGENERATENUM_H
#define TGENERATENUM_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QThread>

class TGenerateNum : public QThread
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    TGenerateNum(QObject *parent=nullptr);

    void setCnt(qint32 cnt);

    // QThread interface
protected:
    void run() override;
signals:
    void sendList(QVector<int> list);

private:
    qint32 m_cnt;
};
#endif // TGENERATENUM_H

tgeneratenum.cpp

#include "tgeneratenum.h"
#include <QRandomGenerator>
#include <QVector>
#include <QElapsedTimer>
#include <QDebug>

TGenerateNum::TGenerateNum(QObject *parent):QThread(parent) {}

void TGenerateNum::setCnt(qint32 cnt)
{
    m_cnt = cnt;
}

void TGenerateNum::run()
{
    qDebug() << "生成随机数线程地址:" << QThread::currentThread();
    QElapsedTimer time;
    time.start();
    QVector<int> list;
    for(int i = 0; i < m_cnt; i++){
        int num = QRandomGenerator::global()->bounded(100000);
        list.push_back(num);
    }
    int milsec = time.elapsed();
    qDebug() << "生成" << m_cnt << "个随机数总共用时：" << milsec << "毫秒";
    emit sendList(list);
}

生成随机数，需要加时间种子

冒泡排序：

tbubblesort.h

#ifndef TBUBBLESORT_H
#define TBUBBLESORT_H

#include <QObject>

class TBubbleSort : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit TBubbleSort(QObject *parent = nullptr);

    void working(QVector<int> list);
signals:
    void sendList(QVector<int> list);
private:
    void bubbleSort(QVector<int>& list);
    QVector<int> m_list;
};

#endif // TBUBBLESORT_H

tbubblesort.cpp

#include "tbubblesort.h"
#include <QElapsedTimer>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QThread>

TBubbleSort::TBubbleSort(QObject *parent)
    : QObject{parent}
{}

void TBubbleSort::working(QVector<int> list)
{
    qDebug() << "冒泡线程地址:" << QThread::currentThread();
    QElapsedTimer time;
    time.start();
    this->bubbleSort(list);
    int milsec = time.elapsed();
    qDebug() << "冒泡排序总共用时：" << milsec << "毫秒";
    emit sendList(list);
}

void TBubbleSort::bubbleSort(QVector<int> &list)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++){
        for (int j = 1; j < list.size()-i; j++){
            if (list[j - 1] > list[j])
            {
                int temp = list[j - 1];
                list[j - 1] = list[j];
                list[j] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
}

快速排序：

tquicksort.h

#ifndef TQUICKSORT_H
#define TQUICKSORT_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QRunnable>

class TQuickSort : public QObject, public QRunnable
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit TQuickSort(QObject *parent = nullptr);
    void setList(QVector<int> list);
signals:
    void sendList(QVector<int> list);
    // QRunnable interface
public:
    void run() override;
private:
    void quick_sort(QVector<int>& list, int l, int r);
    QVector<int> m_list;
};


#endif // TQUICKSORT_H

tquicksort.cpp

#include "tquicksort.h"
#include <QElapsedTimer>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QThread>
TQuickSort::TQuickSort(QObject *parent)
    : QObject{parent}, QRunnable()
{
    // 开启自动回收，由线程池回收对象资源
    setAutoDelete(true);
}

void TQuickSort::setList(QVector<int> list)
{
    m_list = list;
}

void TQuickSort::run()
{
    qDebug() << "快排线程地址:" << QThread::currentThread();
    QElapsedTimer time;
    time.start();
    this->quick_sort(m_list, 0, m_list.size());
    int milsec = time.elapsed();
    qDebug() << "快速排序总共用时：" << milsec << "毫秒";
    emit sendList(m_list);
}

void TQuickSort::quick_sort(QVector<int>& list, int l, int r){
    //如果小于等于1个数据元素·直接返回结束快排函数 r为数组元素总个数
    if(l+1 >= r){
        return ;
    }
    int first = l, last = r-1, key = list[first];
    while(first < last){
        while(first < last && list[last] >= key){
            --last;
        }
        //如果值小于 key分界值 交换
        list[first] = list[last];

        while(first < last && list[first] < key){
            ++first;
        }
        //如果值大于key分界值 交换
        list[last] = list[first];
    }
    list[first] = key;
    //递归左右部分进行快排
    quick_sort(list, l, first);
    quick_sort(list, first+1, r);
}