request功能
请求转发–资源跳转
- 在多个资源之间共享数据,在浏览器看来依然是demo4给的资源,一次请求,一次响应
- 内部跳转,浏览器感知不到—地址栏不会发生变化
- requestDispatcher 调度器
- forward 请求转发,请求对象和响应对象转发到下一个资源
- 同一个Servlet不可以多次请求转发,请求转发前后的代码可以正常执行。
demo4
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo4")
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//创建调度器
RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/RequestDemo5");
//请求转发之前 会清空缓冲区
//response.getWriter().write("this is demo4");
// response.flushBuffer();异常 强行冲刷会造成一次响应,一次请求只对应一次响应。
//利用调度器实现转发
requestDispatcher.forward(request,response);
//同一个Servlet中不能多次请求和转发
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}
demo5
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo5")
public class RequestDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/RequestDemo6");
//requestDispatcher.forward(request,response);
response.getWriter().write("this is demo5");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}
地址栏没有发生变化
多重转发—请求链
demo5
request.getRequestDispatcher("/RequestDemo6").forward(request,response);
demo6
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo6")
public class RequestDemo6 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.getWriter().write("this is demo6");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}
作为域对象使用
希望在请求转发的过程中,共享一些数据,这些数据可以通过域对象共享。
域对象:如果一个对象有一个可以看见的范围,这个范围内利用对象身上的map实现数据共享,这个对象就可以称之为域对象。
- 可以在一个范围内共享数据,request就是这样一个域对象,在请求转发之后,可以把所有数据共享使用。
demo7与demo8共享
setAttribute 向域中添加新数据
getAttribute 获取指定名称的域属性
removeAttribute 删除域属性
getAttributeNames 获取所有域属性的名称
demo7
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo7")
public class RequestDemo7 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//向域中添加新数据
request.setAttribute("name","张德帅");
//请求转发
request.getRequestDispatcher("/RequestDemo8").forward(request,response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}
demo8
报错处理快捷键 alt+回车
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo8")
public class RequestDemo8 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取指定名称的域属性
String name = (String) request.getAttribute("name");
System.out.println("name"+name);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}
- 浏览器什么输出也没有
实际上 demo7是域,写入数据后,demo8从里·取出数据输出到控制台
利用域对象与index.jsp共享数据
- 设置域属性
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo9")
public class RequestDemo9 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置域属性
request.setAttribute("name","张迦南大帅比");
request.setAttribute("age","18");
request.setAttribute("addr","伊拉克");
request.setAttribute("gender","男");
//请求转发--index.jsp
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}
- jsp 允许java语句的html页面
<%=具有返回值的Java表达式%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3> 大王叫我来巡山喽 获取demo9的数据</h3>
姓名:<%=request.getAttribute("name")%><br/>
性别:<%=request.getAttribute("gender")%><br/>
年龄:<%=request.getAttribute("age")%><br/>
地址:<%=request.getAttribute("addr")%><br/>
</body>
</html>
请求包含 资源服务器内部合并 浏览器不知道
合并多个资源的输出结果,再响应给浏览器的请求方式。
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo10")
public class RequestDemo10 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/RequestDemo11");
response.getWriter().write("how are you ");
requestDispatcher.include(request,response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo11")
public class RequestDemo11 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.getWriter().write("how old are you");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
}