导出excel

以下是关于用java实现excel表格导出的示例。其中由于时间关系，没有涉及后台数据库，用的假数据。

package com.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatternFormatting;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * 导出excel
 * 
 * @author hwt
 * 
 */
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public class ExportExcel {
	// 首先引入jar包
	/*
	 * <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
	 * <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>3.10-FINAL</version>
	 * </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
	 * <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>3.17</version> </dependency>
	 * <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
	 * <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
	 */

	/**
	 * 导出excel
	 * 
	 * @param out
	 *            输出到哪里
	 * @param students
	 *            学生信息
	 * @param title
	 *            excel中内容标题
	 * @param headers
	 *            学生信息表中的头标签
	 */
	public void exportExcel(OutputStream out,
			List<Map<String, Object>> students, String title, String[] headers) {
		// 1.创建一个工作簿。
		HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
		// 2.创建一个sheet页
		HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("student-info");
		// 3.设置sheet页的列宽
		sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(30);
		// 4.解决标题
		// 设置标题的样式
		HSSFCellStyle titleCellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();// 创建标题样式
		titleCellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);// 使标题居中
		// 设置标题的字体
		HSSFFont titleFont = workbook.createFont();
		titleFont.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
		titleFont.setFontHeight((short) 8);
		titleFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 16);
		titleFont.setFontName("宋体");
		titleFont.setCharSet(HSSFFont.DEFAULT_CHARSET);
		// 将字体样式植入样式中
		titleCellStyle.setFont(titleFont);
		// 设置标题位置
		HSSFRow titleRow = sheet.createRow(0);// 第一行
		HSSFCell titleCell = titleRow.createCell(0);
		// 将标题值和样式放入相应位置
		titleCell.setCellValue(title);
		titleCell.setCellStyle(titleCellStyle);
		// 合并单元格
		CellRangeAddress cra = new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 3);
		sheet.addMergedRegion(cra);
		// 5.解决表格表头
		// 学生统计表的表头
		HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.createRow(1);// 第二行
		HSSFCell headerCell = null;
		// 设置表头样式
		HSSFCellStyle headerStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
		headerStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
		headerStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 设置边框
		headerStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
		headerStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
		headerStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
		// 以下这两种必须搭配使用
		headerStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);// 填充前景颜色
		headerStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFPatternFormatting.SOLID_FOREGROUND);// 填充模式
		// 设置表头字体
		HSSFFont headerFont = workbook.createFont();
		headerFont.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
		headerFont.setCharSet(HSSFFont.DEFAULT_CHARSET);
		headerFont.setColor(HSSFColor.GREEN.index);
		headerFont.setFontName("宋体");
		headerFont.setFontHeight((short) 6);
		headerFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
		headerStyle.setFont(headerFont);
		for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
			headerCell = headerRow.createCell(i);
			headerCell.setCellValue(headers[i]);
			headerCell.setCellStyle(headerStyle);
		}
		// 6.解决表格内容
		HSSFRow contentRow = null;
		HSSFCell contentCell = null;
		HSSFCellStyle contentStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
		contentStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
		HSSFFont contentFont = workbook.createFont();
		contentFont.setCharSet(HSSFFont.DEFAULT_CHARSET);
		contentFont.setFontName("宋体");
		contentFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);
		contentStyle.setFont(contentFont);
		for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {
			contentRow = sheet.createRow(i + 2);// 第行及其之后行
			contentCell = contentRow.createCell(0);
			contentCell.setCellValue(students.get(i).get("id").toString());
			contentCell.setCellStyle(contentStyle);
			contentCell = contentRow.createCell(1);
			contentCell.setCellValue(students.get(i).get("name").toString());
			contentCell.setCellStyle(contentStyle);
			contentCell = contentRow.createCell(2);
			contentCell.setCellValue(students.get(i).get("sex").toString());
			contentCell.setCellStyle(contentStyle);
			contentCell = contentRow.createCell(3);
			contentCell.setCellValue(students.get(i).get("age").toString());
			contentCell.setCellStyle(contentStyle);
		}
		try {
			// 7.将该工作簿输出到指定目录
			workbook.write(out);
			// 8.关闭资源
			out.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public List<Map<String, Object>> getStudents() {
		List<Map<String, Object>> students = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
		Map<String, Object> map1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		Map<String, Object> map2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		Map<String, Object> map3 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		Map<String, Object> map4 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		Map<String, Object> map5 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		Map<String, Object> map6 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map1.put("id", 1);
		map1.put("name", "张");
		map1.put("sex", "男");
		map1.put("age", 12);
		students.add(map1);
		map2.put("id", 2);
		map2.put("name", "王五");
		map2.put("sex", "男");
		map2.put("age", 21);
		students.add(map2);
		map3.put("id", 3);
		map3.put("name", "赵六");
		map3.put("sex", "男");
		map3.put("age", 15);
		students.add(map3);
		map4.put("id", 4);
		map4.put("name", "晓慧");
		map4.put("sex", "女");
		map4.put("age", 18);
		students.add(map4);
		map5.put("id", 5);
		map5.put("name", "欢欢");
		map5.put("sex", "女");
		map5.put("age", 35);
		students.add(map5);
		map6.put("id", 6);
		map6.put("name", "罗罗");
		map6.put("sex", "女");
		map6.put("age", 56);
		students.add(map6);
		return students;
	}

	@Test
	public void testExportExcel() {
		OutputStream out = null;
		try {
			File file = new File("D:/" + "student" + ".xls");
			if (!file.isDirectory()) {
				file.createNewFile();
			}
			out = new FileOutputStream(file);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		String[] headers = new String[] { "编号", "姓名", "性别", "年龄" };
		exportExcel(out, getStudents(), "学生统计表", headers);

	}
}