1.实验环境和所需软件
1.Windows7环境
2.nginx 1.6.3
3.redis 2.6.2
4.Tomcat 7.0.56
2.配置Nginx
Nginx路径：E:\new\Tomcat_Nginx_Cluster\nginx-1.6.3\#Nginx所有用户和组，window下不指定
#user Adminstrator
#user nobody;
#工作的子进程数量(通常等于CPU核数或者2倍与CPU核数)
worker_processes 4;
#错误日志存放路径
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#指定pid存放文件
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
#使用网络IO模型，Linux建议用epoll，FreeBSD建议用kqueue，window下不指定
#use epoll
#设置单个进程同时打开的最大连接数
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#定义日志格式
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
#http连接的持续时间
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip压缩设置
#gzip on; #是否打开gzip压缩，默认不打开
gzip_min_length 1k; #最小压缩文件大小
gzip_buffers 4 16k; #压缩缓冲区
#http的协议版本(1.0/1.1),默认1.1，前端如果是squid2.5请使用1.0
gzip_http_version 1.1;
#gzip压缩比，1压缩比最小处理速度最快，9压缩比最大但处理速度最慢(传输快但比较消耗cpu)
gzip_comp_level 2;
#和http头有关系，加个vary头，给代理服务器用的，有的浏览器支持压缩，有的不支持，所以避免浪费不支持的也压缩，所以根据客户端的HTTP头来判断，是否需要压缩
gzip_vary on;
#gzip压缩类型，不用添加text/html，否则会有警告信息
gzip_types text/plain text/javascript text/css application/xmlapplication/x-javascript application/json;
#设定负载均衡的服务器列表，可以配置多个upstream，但mysvr名字要区分
#下面配置请求的负载分配
upstream localhost {
#根据ip计算将请求分配给那个后端Tomcat，注意：这里并不能解决Session共享问题
#同一机器在多网情况下，路由切换，ip可能不同
#ip_hash
#weight参数表示权值，权值越高被分配到的几率越大，一般在生产环境中，需要根据访问情况制定相应算法
server localhost:8080 weight=5;
server localhost:8081 weight=5;
}
server {
#Nginx监听的端口号
listen 80;
#域名可有多个，用空格隔开
server_name localhost;
#字符编码集
#charset koi8-r;
charset utf-8;
#设定本虚拟主机的访问日志。关闭日志可减少IO，提高性能
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#默认请求
location / {
#定义服务器的默认网站根目录位置
#root html;
root E:\new\Tomcat_Nginx_Cluster;
#定义首页
index index.html index.htm index.jsp;
#请求专项mysvr定义的服务器列表
#配置端口转发，proxy_pass
proxy_pass http://localhost;
proxy_redirect default;
#与代理服务器连接的超时时间，必须留意这个timeout不能超过75秒，当一台服务器宕机时，过10秒转发到另外一台服务器
proxy_connect_timeout 10;
}
location ~ .*.jsp$ #所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat处理
{
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://localhost;#转向tomcat处理
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
{
#设置静态资源的过期时间
expires 30d;
}
#定义几种常见的错误页面:404,400,500等
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
#对本server"/"启用负载均衡
#location / {
# proxy_pass http://mysvr;
# proxy_redirect off;
# proxy_set_header Host $host;
# proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
# proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
# client_max_body_size 10m;
# client_body_buffer_size 128k;
# proxy_connect_timeout 90;
# proxy_send_timeout 90;
# proxy_read_timeout 90;
# proxy_buffer_size 4k;
# proxy_buffers 4 32k;
# proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
# proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
#}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
3.配置两个Tomcat
1. 在两个Tomcat的lib中导入连接redis需要的jar包：
2.配置两个Tomcat通过redis共享session
Tomcat-8080 --- localhost:8080
1.conf/server.xml端口配置 --- 使用默认的8080端口，只需配置这个Tomcat了
Engine元素增加jvmRoute属性：
- <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat8080">
2.conf/context.xml配置 --- 连接redis共享session的配置
<Valve className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve" />
<Manager className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager"
host="localhost"
port="6379"
database="0"
maxInactiveInterval="60" />
完整配置：
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?></span><?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- The contents of this file will be loaded for each web application -->
<Context>
<!-- Default set of monitored resources -->
<WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>
<!-- Uncomment this to disable session persistence across Tomcat restarts -->
<!--
<Manager pathname="" />
-->
<!-- Uncomment this to enable Comet connection tacking (provides events
on session expiration as well as webapp lifecycle) -->
<!--
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.CometConnectionManagerValve" />
-->
<Valve className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve" />
<Manager className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager"
host="localhost"
port="6379"
database="0"
maxInactiveInterval="60" />
</Context>
Tomcat-8081 --- localhost:8081
1.conf/server.xml端口配置 --- 使用8081端口，需要在server.xml中进行相应的配置(4个地方需要修改端口)
第一处端口修改：
- <!-- 修改port端口：8006 俩个tomcat不能重复，端口随意，别太小-->
- <Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
- <!-- port="8081" tomcat监听端口，随意设置，别太小 -->
- <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
- connectionTimeout="20000"
- redirectPort="8443" />
- <Connector port="18009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="18443" />
- <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat8081">
完整配置：
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
-->
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
-->
<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
<!-- Global JNDI resources
Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
-->
<GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
-->
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
-->
<Service name="Catalina">
<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
<!--
<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
-->
<!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
and responses are returned. Documentation at :
Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)
Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
-->
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="18443" />
<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
<!--
<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
-->
<!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
This connector uses the BIO implementation that requires the JSSE
style configuration. When using the APR/native implementation, the
OpenSSL style configuration is required as described in the APR/native
documentation -->
<!--
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"
maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"
clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
-->
<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
<Connector port="18009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="18443" />
<!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->
<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
-->
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat8081">
<!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
/docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to)
/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
<!--
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
-->
<!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
via a brute-force attack -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits
that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
available for use by the Realm. -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
<!--
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
-->
<!-- Access log processes all example.
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
2.conf/context.xml配置 --- 连接redis共享session的配置
4.启动nginx、redis和两个Tomcat组建集群
1.创建index.jsp测试文件
在两个Tomcat的webapps下面创建一个test目录，并创建一个index.jsp文件
<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>TomcatA</title></head>
<body>
<table align="centre" border="1">
<tr>
<td>Session ID</td>
<td><%= session.getId() %></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Created on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
sessionID:<%=session.getId()%>
<br>
SessionIP:<%=request.getServerName()%>
<br>
SessionPort:<%=request.getServerPort()%>
<%
//为了区分，第二个可以是222
out.println("This is Tomcat Server 1111");
%> 2.先启动Nginx、再启动redis，最后启动两个Tomcat
说明：
Windows下Nginx的启动与关闭
启动: E:\new\Tomcat_Nginx_Cluster\nginx-1.6.3>nginx.exe
关闭：E:\new\Tomcat_Nginx_Cluster\nginx-1.6.3>nginx -s quit
启动: E:\new\Tomcat_Nginx_Cluster\nginx-1.6.3>nginx.exe
关闭：E:\new\Tomcat_Nginx_Cluster\nginx-1.6.3>nginx -s quit
5.测试Session共享
打开浏览器去访问第一个Tomcat，然后再第二个Tomcat，页面Session信息如下
直接访问Tomcat集群的到Session信息如下:
由图可以看到，三个Tomcat的SessionID都是一样的：9BE0CD81E96DCBEEC2DD4AD5E2A63D09，只要不关闭浏览器，不管怎么刷新，SessionID都是不变了。由此可以，三个Tomcat通过redis实现了Session信息共享。
使用Memcached共享Session例子参考：http://blog.csdn.net/zht666/article/details/38515147
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