Cheapest Palindrome
Time Limit: 2000MS | Memory Limit: 65536K | |
Total Submissions: 4539 | Accepted: 2209 |
Description
Keeping track of all the cows can be a tricky task so Farmer John has installed a system to automate it. He has installed on each cow an electronic ID tag that the system will read as the cows pass by a scanner. Each ID tag's contents are currently a single string with length M (1 ≤ M ≤ 2,000) characters drawn from an alphabet of N (1 ≤ N ≤ 26) different symbols (namely, the lower-case roman alphabet).
Cows, being the mischievous creatures they are, sometimes try to spoof the system by walking backwards. While a cow whose ID is "abcba" would read the same no matter which direction the she walks, a cow with the ID "abcb" can potentially register as two different IDs ("abcb" and "bcba").
FJ would like to change the cows's ID tags so they read the same no matter which direction the cow walks by. For example, "abcb" can be changed by adding "a" at the end to form "abcba" so that the ID is palindromic (reads the same forwards and backwards). Some other ways to change the ID to be palindromic are include adding the three letters "bcb" to the begining to yield the ID "bcbabcb" or removing the letter "a" to yield the ID "bcb". One can add or remove characters at any location in the string yielding a string longer or shorter than the original string.
Unfortunately as the ID tags are electronic, each character insertion or deletion has a cost (0 ≤ cost ≤ 10,000) which varies depending on exactly which character value to be added or deleted. Given the content of a cow's ID tag and the cost of inserting or deleting each of the alphabet's characters, find the minimum cost to change the ID tag so it satisfies FJ's requirements. An empty ID tag is considered to satisfy the requirements of reading the same forward and backward. Only letters with associated costs can be added to a string.
Input
Line 2: This line contains exactly M characters which constitute the initial ID string
Lines 3.. N+2: Each line contains three space-separated entities: a character of the input alphabet and two integers which are respectively the cost of adding and deleting that character.
Output
Sample Input
3 4 abcb a 1000 1100 b 350 700 c 200 800
Sample Output
900
Hint
Source
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/*
* 题目大意:给定一个字符串,可以删除增加字符,每个操作都有其相应的代价,求出将字符串转换成回文串的最小代价
* 不简单的dp,递归加记忆化搜索,状态方程不太好想。
*/
#define MIN(x, y) ((x) < (y) ? (x) : (y));
char data[2005]; //接收输入的数据
int dp[2005][2005];
int cost[27];
/*
* 求转换成回文的最小代价
* @param data:要处理的字符串
* @param start:字符串的开始下标
* @param end:字符串的结尾下标
*/
int find(char *data, int start, int end)
{
if(dp[start][end] != -1)
{
return dp[start][end];
}
if(start >= end)
{
return 0;
}
/*
* 最小值=min(消去开始字符的代价, 消去结尾字符的代价,
* 同时消去开始结尾字符的代价(若开始、结束字符相等))
*/
dp[start][end] = MIN(find(data, start + 1, end) + cost[data[start] - 'a'],
find(data, start, end - 1) + cost[data[end] - 'a']);
if(data[start] == data[end])
{
dp[start][end] = MIN(dp[start][end], find(data, start + 1, end - 1));
}
return dp[start][end];
}
int main()
{
// freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
int n, m;
while(scanf("%d%d%*c", &n, &m) == 2)
{
scanf("%s%*c", data);
int a, b;
char temp;
int i;
for(i = 0; i < n; ++ i)
{
scanf("%c %d %d%*c", &temp, &a, &b);
cost[(int)(temp - 'a')] = MIN(a, b);
}
memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp));
int res = find(data, 0, m - 1);
printf("%d\n", res);
}
return 0;
}