C++数据类型转换

1 C++利用sstream进行数据类型转换

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>


using namespace std;

// 从类型T转换为类型K
template <class T, class K>
K convert(T tmp){
    stringstream ss;
    K k;
    ss << tmp;
    ss >> k;
    return k;
}


int main(){
    string s;
    s = convert<int, string>(45);
    cout << s;


    return 0;
}

/home/hejinyang/.CLion2016.2/system/cmake/generated/mypro01-f76d0ccf/f76d0ccf/Debug/mypro01
8855
Process finished with exit code 0

2 c++11以后可用自带的函数进行字符串与其它数据类型的转换

2.1 其它类型转为字符串(声明在std中)

函数	功能
string to_string (int val)	int --> string
string to_string (long val)	long --> string
string to_string (long long val)	long long --> string
string to_string (unsigned val)	unsigned --> string
string to_string (unsigned long val)	unsigned long --> string
string to_string (unsigned long long val)	unsigned long long --> string
string to_string (float val)	float --> string
string to_string (double val)	double --> string
string to_string (long double val)	long double --> string

2.2 字符串转其它类型

    // 字符串转整型
    int stoi (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
    int stoi (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
    /*
     * str:要转换的字符串
     * idx:如果idx不是空指针, 则将idx值设置为转换数字完后的第一个字符位置或理解为转换字符的个数.  注意为size_t类型
     * 例 78.. 转换为78 idx值为2
     * base: 进制
     */

    // 字符串转double类型
    double stod (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0);
    double stod (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);


    // 字符串转float类型
    float stof (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0);
    float stof (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);

    // 字符串转long int型
    long stol (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
    long stol (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);

    // 字符串转long double型
    long double stold (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0);
    long double stold (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);

    // 字符串转long long型
    long long stoll (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
    long long stoll (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);

    // 字符串转unsigned long型
    unsigned long stoul (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
    unsigned long stoul (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);

    // 字符串转unsigned long long型
    unsigned long long stoull (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);
    unsigned long long stoull (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);